Free Essays on Steven King Essay

In Stephen King’s exposition â€Å"Why We Crave Horror Movies†, he discloses why individuals go to thrillers. Watching blood and gore movies is a way that numerous individuals show they are not reluctant to endure a couple of hours of a similar killing and threatening seen on nightly news reports. Lord guarantees that the very demonstration of survey these movies desensitizes us. Blood and gore movies are likewise a decent method to â€Å"re-build up our sentiments of normality†. Subsequent to survey rough films, individuals state to themselves â€Å"I am happy that I’m normal†. The feelings and dread of individuals should be practiced and kept an eye on an ordinary bases. As indicated by King, the blood and gore flick is â€Å"†¦ horribleness unchained, our most noticeably terrible senses let free, our nastiest dreams realized†¦ and everything occurs, fittingly enough, in the dark.† I concur with Stephen King when he says that thrillers resemble riding crazy rides. During center and secondary schools, my companions and I frequented many amusement parks. We immediately decided to go on rides which were considered the most terrifying. We sat in the front to get the greatest rush from a ride. The size and speed of these rides had no effect on us, since we were after the invigoration we knew these rides would give. Individuals go to watch blood and gore movies not on the grounds that it’s alarming but since its elation gives us a surge. Stephen King accentuates that blood and gore movies push individuals to an extraordinary drive in their feelings. Another genuine case of this is taking. The ascent in adrenaline that is given from taking is unimaginable. Realizing that one can take something - regardless of whether they have the cash to pay for it - and pull off it is an immense drive for individuals. Taking is something that is exceptionally devilish and can frequently help individuals to remember their youth. For instance, taking a treat from the treat container when they were five after their mom previously disclosed to them they couldn't have one. Lord makes numerous admirable sentiments in his paper. Blood and gore films are intended to be wellsprings of entert... Free Essays on Steven King Essay Free Essays on Steven King Essay In Stephen King’s exposition â€Å"Why We Crave Horror Movies†, he discloses why individuals go to blood and gore movies. Watching blood and gore movies is a way that numerous individuals show they are not reluctant to endure a couple of hours of a similar killing and threatening seen on nightly news reports. Ruler guarantees that the very demonstration of review these movies desensitizes us. Blood and gore movies are additionally a decent method to â€Å"re-build up our sentiments of normality†. Subsequent to review savage motion pictures, individuals state to themselves â€Å"I am happy that I’m normal†. The feelings and dread of individuals should be practiced and kept an eye on a normal bases. As indicated by King, the blood and gore film is â€Å"†¦ grimness unchained, our most noticeably terrible impulses let free, our nastiest dreams realized†¦ and everything occurs, fittingly enough, in the dark.† I concur with Stephen King when he says that blood and gore flicks resemble riding crazy rides. During center and secondary schools, my companions and I frequented many amusement parks. We immediately decided to go on rides which were considered the most terrifying. We sat in the front to get the greatest rush from a ride. The size and speed of these rides had no effect on us, since we were after the invigoration we knew these rides would give. Individuals go to watch blood and gore movies not on the grounds that it’s unnerving but since its thrill gives us a surge. Stephen King underlines that blood and gore movies push individuals to an exceptional drive in their feelings. Another genuine case of this is taking. The ascent in adrenaline that is given from taking is fantastic. Realizing that one can take something - regardless of whether they have the cash to pay for it - and pull off it is a colossal drive for individuals. Taking is something that is fiendish and can regularly help individuals to remember their youth. For instance, taking a treat from the treat container when they were five after their mom previously disclosed to them they couldn't have one. Ruler makes numerous admirable statements in his article. Blood and gore films are intended to be wellsprings of entert...

Equality, Diversity and Inclusion Leaflet Essay

There are numerous types of partiality and separation and it tends to be experienced by anybody at whenever. This booklet is intended to assist guardians with understanding the effect it can have on kids and youngsters and why as a school we don't acknowledge it in any structure, be it from a kindred student, an individual from staff or outside expert or a parent/watchman or relative. Who is most in danger? The youngsters and youngsters most in danger from preference as well as segregation are:- * The crippled * Those with Special Educational Needs * Those who communicate in a language not quite the same as the greater part * Those from an alternate culture, ethnicity or race * Those who show up in an unexpected way (red hair, glasses, skin coloration and so on) * Anyone new to class * Anyone who has a high or low capacity * All youngsters as per their sex Various types of preference and segregation. There are a wide range of types of bias and segregation and they may encounter at least one of these at some random time. * This can incorporate verbally abusing. * Being kept separate from exercises or gatherings. * â€Å"Dumbing down† so as not to be named a â€Å"swat or geek†. * Being forgotten about on the grounds that they have a lower capacity and are classed as â€Å"stupid†. * Those from a more unfortunate foundation may endure on the grounds that they can't stand to go on school trips. * Being singled out in light of the fact that they appear to be unique, for example being called â€Å"ginger nut or carrot top† in light of the fact that they have red hair or â€Å"specky four eyes† in light of the fact that they wear glasses. * Any one new to class may encounter being forgotten about on the grounds that they have no companions and friend bunches have just been framed. * Girls and young men can be victimized in light of their sex, â€Å"girls shouldn't play football† and â€Å"boys shouldn’t play with dolls or dance†. The entirety of the above are types of preference and separation and not every person will understand this and may have experience it or been the abuser. The impacts bias and separation can have on kids and youngsters. There are numerous influences that these types of preference and separation can have on the person in question. They run from gentle to extreme reliant on to what extent, serious the maltreatment and the perspective of the person in question. They may feel unvalued, need certainty, pull back into themselves, they won’t volunteer for exercises so as not to cause to notice themselves, they may experience issues centering and low confidence and this effects on their companionships and family life. The more drawn out this goes on the more pulled back they become and they would then be able to turn self hurting or drink and medications (youngsters) and in serious cases they could end it all. The effect our qualities and perspectives have. The manner in which we carry on around youngsters and youngsters as to our mentalities and qualities hugy affect the kids and youngsters we live with, work with and care for. The manner in which we communicate with these youngsters and youngsters is significant in light of the fact that they are not brought into the world with perspectives; mentalities are found out from the individuals who have a noteworthy contribution to their lives. It is our activity as grown-ups to set a guide to them and the previous the better. * How would we be able to anticipate that them should accomplish something on the off chance that we are not set up to do it without anyone else's help? * Whatever our religion/convictions we should demonstrate them that it is okay to be interested about different religions and convictions, assorted variety is a piece of our regular day to day existences. * Other societies can show us various perspectives and customs (so increment our attention to why they may do things another way). * We ought to support our kids and youngsters to encounter various exercises (be it a young lady playing football or a kid moving). * We are generally people and ought to be treated accordingly. * A youngster with extraordinary requirements or an incapacity is as yet a kid with sentiments and feelings. * If we are skilled and gifted and adapt effectively doesn’t mean we are dreadful to be near. * If we have exceptional needs and need additional assistance with things it doesn’t mean my emotions can't be harmed. In school it is essential to elevate Anti-unfair practice to the kids and youngsters in our charge with the goal that they know that it isn't satisfactory conduct. It is essential to instruct them that we are altogether extraordinary and remarkable and this is something to be thankful for. We need to instruct them to regard one another’s decent variety and identify with the individuals who are extraordinary (the individuals who are the casualties of preference and segregation) who they might be mishandling or know to be the survivor of misuse. We should instruct them to esteem each other as people and worth each other’s sentiments and rights to appear as something else, and instruct them that we are for the most part rises to. As a parent/carer, proficient or even an understudy it is our obligation to report any type of bias or separation that we experience or witness, regardless of whether it be from an individual from staff, an outside expert, a parent/carer or a student. You ought to consistently challenge preference and separation and you should tell whomever it is that it is unsuitable to communicate their perspectives along these lines, be it to you or another person or without a doubt to the understudy themselves. It isn't adequate to oppress someone else and on the off chance that it carries on you will report it to the important senior individual from staff in accordance with the strategies and methods set out for your setting. Bolster must be given to the casualty of the maltreatment and they should be urged to react with positive activity. Additional assistance might be expected to assist them with recuperating their confidence and certainty. Any place conceivable get the abuser to apologize to the person in question and if conceivable get them to relate to the person in question. So in the event that you see it, experience it or hear it, report it!

Using Active Voice Goodbye to be, Hello Better Writing!

Using Active Voice Goodbye “to be,” Hello Better Writing! (1) Have you ever heard an instructor say it is important to write essays in an active voice? Indeed, using an active voice is a simple and effective way to make your writing flow better and make your overall argument sound stronger. But, what does writing in an active voice actually mean? Often, instructors will throw out that rule without properly explaining what active voice looks like compared to an inactive voice. The secret to writing in an active voice is actually quite simple â€"avoid using “to be” verbs. Writing in an active voice doesn’t have to feel like an added stress to your writing process. In fact, by making a clear effort to write in an active voice, you will find that your ideas come across more clearly and that your essays will be longer. Here are 3 steps to cutting “to be” verbs and writing in an active voice. 1. Understand what a “to be” verb is and looks like Of all the verbs in the English language, you probably use “to be” verbs most often in your daily conversations and in simple writing (there are probably lots of examples in your text message history). In English, “to be” verbs indicate a literal state of being. Of course, depending on the noun and tense of the sentence they look a little different Here are all of the forms of “to be” verbs: Infinitive to be “I want to be a writer” Present am, is, are “I am a teacher” “You are a student” Past was, were “I was walking” Present Participle being “I was being moody last night” Past Participle been “I had been shopping at Wegman’s until Whole foods opened.” Present Subjunctive be “I like my apartment, but I would prefer there be better parking options” Past Subjunctive were “If I were a rich woman, I would still work” Imperative be “Be studious!” Become- “I want to become a better writer” 2. Understand why “to be” verbs lend themselves to passive voice and other problems in writing Although “to be” verbs are grammatically correct to use in a sentence, you want to avoid using them as the main verb of your sentence in academic writing, because they cause these three issues associated with inactive voice. Sentences with a “to be” verb are often quite vague You probably use “to be” verbs pretty often in your spoken interactions, because they lend themselves well to making short declarative statements that require the listener to use context clues to derive meaning, without the speaker needing to be overly specific. For example, say you have plans to meet your friend for lunch, but you are running a few minutes behind. You might text them to say: “I am leaving now!” In this sentence, you haven’t described the exact action you are performing, such as walking or driving your car, and have instead described “leaving” as your literal state of being. But, because your friend already knows the context behind this sentence, they do not need further information to understand that you are probably walking or driving over to the restaurant. Which is why this sentence is perfectly normal and acceptable for informal writing and spoken English. In more formal essay writing you want to avoid this construction precisely because it does not describe what action you are actually performing. While it might sound overly formal to write out in a text message, you could say: “I just started my car engine, and will start to drive to the restaurant. I will arrive in five minutes.” A reader who does not have the full context of your message will gain a clearer sense of your exact meaning. Obscures the actors of a sentence Another main issue that comes up if you use a “to be” verb as the main verb in your sentence, is that it often puts an emphasis on a noun in the sentence that isn’t the actual person or group performing the action. For example, you might say in a paper arguing that more people should recycle: “All plastic bottles should be recycled.” This sentence is grammatically correct, and again would sound normal in conversational English. However, it does not actually specify who should perform the action in the sentence. Do the plastic bottles recycle themselves? No! You could easily rephrase this sentence using an active voice to instead read: “Individual people should recycle every plastic bottle that they use.” This sentence construction is not only longer, and more specificâ€"it is also more persuasive. Lends itself to passive voice Using “to be” verbs can also lead you towards using the passive voice in your essay, which is a more specific grammatical construction than just using a “to be” verb. In the passive voice, the noun or noun phrase that would be the object of an active sentence appears as the subject. For example, in the active voice, you might say: “The teacher graded our papers.” In the passive voice this sentence would read: “The papers were graded by our teacher.” Notice how the object of the sentence appears as the subject of the sentence in passive voice. This is an issue, because it not only obscures the actors of the sentence, it can make it easy to drop the actor all together. For example, it would be grammatically correct to just say: “The papers were graded.” In this sentence, the actor performing the verb drops away, and the sentence becomes even more vague. It is easy to spot the passive voice in writing because it requires either the “was” or “were” form of the “to be” verb as the main verb of the sentence. While not every instance of a “to be” verb is the passive voice, the passive voice requires using these two specific “to be” verbs. Hard to prove You also want to avoid using “to be” verbs as the main verb of your sentence in formal or academic writing, because it makes it hard to prove that the sentence is correct. This problem arises because “to be” verbs indicate a literal state of being. For example, in your essay on recycling, you might say: “Plastic waste is harmful to the environment.” Though this sentence is a grammatically correct and declarative statement, it does not give a specific depiction of what you mean. It is easy for the reader to question “how is it harmful to the environment?” By stating the noun phrase “plastic waste” is in a state of being that is “harmful to the environment,” you have not detailed what action plastic waste performs on the environment. It is therefore easier for the reader to dismiss your claim. To phrase this same idea in the active voice, you might instead say: “When plastic waste builds up in landfills, it harms the environment because it disrupts the ecosystems of the wildlife habitat.” Not only have you moved into the active voice, your sentence is longer and more specific! 3. Use these strategies to avoid using “to be” verbs in your writing The easiest way to avoid using these pesky “to be” verbs in your writing is to always structure your sentences to have the subject who performs the action come before the verbs. For Example : “At the 2017 Superbowl the halftime show was performed by Lady Gaga.” In this sentence, the subject “Lady Gaga” does not appear until the end of the sentence, and there is a “to be” verb in the passive voice “was.” In order to put this sentence in the active voice, simply restructure the sentence to have the subject appear before the verb. In the active voice, this sentence would read: “Lady Gaga performed at the 2017 Superbowl half-time show.” Another effective strategy to avoid using “to be” verbs in your essay is to make sure you don’t use any verbs that end in “ing.” You want to avoid this, because usually verbs that end in “ing” use a “to be” verb as the main verb in the phrase. For example: “Plastic waste is polluting the environment.” To make this sentence active take the verb that has the “ing” ending and make it the main verb of the sentence to instead read “Plastic waste pollutes the environment.” It is a general rule that active voice requires the verb of the sentence to end with an “s” rather than “ing.” Although maintaining an active voice in your writing may feel challenging at first, if you focus on avoiding “to be” verbs in each sentence, you will write clear and better developed sentences in the active voice. Once you have gone through these tips, writing in the active voice will come easily to you.

Aristotle s Influence On Democracy - 1561 Words

After democracy was introduced in Athens around the 5th century B.C.E., the majority of the Greek intellectual community condemned it as a form of communal tyranny. Socrates was put to trial and executed after a vote by the Athenian citizens because, despite strong evidence negating their arguments, the common people blamed him for corrupting the city’s youth. Aristotle would later argue in his writings that the most effective democracy should include equal power between the rich minority and the poor majority, so the poor could not take advantage of the rich. In other words, Aristotle felt that the poor should have a disproportionately small voice in democracy, perhaps believing that they were fundamentally less capable than the educated bourgeois of making the right decision. After two and a half thousand millennia have past, we’d all like to believe we’ve perfected this tried and failed egalitarian system. After all, the entirety of the first world operates un der political structures that can largely be described as democratic, and there is something intuitively, morally correct about every person having an equal say, right? On November 8th, 2016, when Hilary Clinton defeated Donald Trump in the 2016 presidential election, the academic elite screamed their approval. This was progress. This will go down as the iconic victory of tolerance over bigotry, of rational thought over dogmatism, of love over hate. After a historically gruesome campaign, characterized by violence,Show MoreRelatedGreece s Impact On The World1360 Words   |  6 PagesUnited States and the world? Many would say that the Romans had the most impact on United States and the world and some may contradict and say Greece had the most influence. However, Greece influenced the world and United States the most in tremendous ways. Greece gave the United States the influence to start it’s first direct democracy, philosophers set up the foundation on how to think, and great minds who discovered the basics of Science and Math to medicine and astronomy emerged from Greece.Read MoreGreece s Impact On The World1335 Words   |  6 PagesUnit ed States and the world? Many would say that the Romans had the most impact on United States and the world and some may contradict and say Greece had the most influence. However, Greece influenced the world and the United States the most in tremendous ways. Greece gave the United States the influence to start it’s first direct democracy, philosophers set up the foundation on how to think, and great minds who discovered the basics of Science and Math to medicine and astronomy emerged from GreeceRead MoreCultural, Economical, Religious, And Political Contributions847 Words   |  4 PagesChristians were punished and often put to death. This did not stop them though, seeing as they began to meet in secret and their population continued to grow in number. Then in 3113 AD, the emperor Constantine made Christianity legal. â€Å"Christianity’s influence, however, set into motion the belief that man is accountable to God and that the law is the same regardless of status. Mo re than one thousand years before the birth of Christ the biblical requirement given by Moses comprised an essential componentRead MoreComparing Aristotle And Niccolo Machiavelli Essay1698 Words   |  7 PagesThe term political scientist has been used to describe both Aristotle and Niccolo Machiavelli, but does that term do the work of either man justice? From the outset it is very easy to see the philosophical differences between the two men and their visions of the political system(s). It is fairly obvious that both men were products of their times, Aristotle coming from the end of the Golden Age of Greece and Machiavelli coming from end of Medieval Europe, but in both cases their ideas and advice haveRead MoreAn Analysis Of Euripides The Suppliants 1372 Words   |  6 PagesIn The Suppliants, Euripides wrote, â€Å"The people cannot form proper judgements and therefore cannot rightly direct a state†. Euripides is living in the midst of democracy in Athens; therefore hi s quote is a critique of what is happening around him. In his quote, he is taking an anti-democratic stance towards the question of who is fit to rule. Euripides believes only one or few people should rule a state, as not all are qualified or have the ‘proper judgement’ to do so. However, people do rule theRead MoreHistorical Events That Took Place During The Classical Period1458 Words   |  6 Pages27, 2015 World Literature I Historically Significant Influences of Aristotle During the Classical Period, 500-232 BCE, Greece was at the peak of its political and cultural achievement. This was also a time of war, most noteworthy being the vast empire created by Alexander the Great. In a period containing such an immense amount of historical significance there is no doubting that it had influenced the people born. Notorious philosopher Aristotle is no exception, contributing a great deal to the fieldsRead MoreAristotle s Influence On Modern Society1435 Words   |  6 Pagesinfluential person in the pre-modern age in World History is Aristotle. Aristotle was a Greek philosopher, a student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great. He wrote on many different subjects, including physics, poetry, theater, music, logic, rhetoric, politics, government, ethics, biology and even zoology. Aristotle was one of the most important philosophers in Western thought, and was one of the first to systematize philosophy and science. Aristotle questioned the nature of the wo rld and of human beliefRead MoreAristotles Contributions to the World: An Analysis1368 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Aristotle Aristotle Introduction If liberty and equality, as is thought by some are chiefly to be found in democracy, they will be best attained when all persons alike share in the government to the utmost. Law is order, and good law is good order. Man is by nature a political animal. ~Aristotle Philosophers, historians, scientists, politicians and other professionals across many disciplines consider Aristotle to be one of the greatest and prolific figures of the civilization of AncientRead MoreAnalysis Of Aristotle s The Golden Mean 1109 Words   |  5 PagesPart 3 - Aristotle - The Golden Mean Aristotle was a greek philosopher that taught and stressed many important and revolutionary ideas/philosophies. He was born in 384 BC, and was a student of Plato, as well as founded/ taught at several academies. He wrote on diverse subjects, including physics, metaphysics, poetry, logic, politics, government, and ethics. He contributed to almost every field of human knowledge in existence during his time, and he was the founder of many new fields. Aristotle was oneRead MoreStudent Teacher1669 Words   |  7 PagesThe relationship that a teacher and student share is of trust, respect and devotion. Teachers influence their students by shaping their rational and moral virtues and hence, play an important role in molding the society as a whole. The education system of ancient India and Greece shared some common characteristics. In both cultures, teachers and their disciples conglomerated at specific places earmarked for educational purposes. This is where students gained both spiritual and material education

Augusta Resource Corporation and Their Mining Video Aimed...

In 2006, a Canadian company called Augusta resource Corporation proposed an initial plan of developing a copper mine in southeast of Arizona. The controversy started after the company submitted their proposal, the opponents of this plan were mainly Arizona locals, which they believe that this copper mine will affect the local tourism and bring permanent damage to the environment. Therefore, the company Augusta Resource Corporation created this Facebook video demonstrates how this project is going to bring benefits to the locals and stimulates the overall economy while keep the environmental damage as a minimal. This video gives a comprehensive overview of how industrialization has shaped America and the benefits this mine will bring, furthermore, it emphasizes how several national organizations have supported their plan. Through the use of ethos, this video mentioned several well known organizations such as NEPA and Mined America, has evaluated their plan, in addition, the video prov ides strong and believable evidences of this mine’s advantage with official data and the use of color green, in order to convince not only the locals but also the government. The video can separate into three parts, and each part gives a different presentation of ethos, also, each part has different impacts on audiences who are watching this video. The author of this Facebook video is a Canadian base metal company called Augusta Resource Corporation; their current project is to advance theShow MoreRelatedManaging Information Technology (7th Edition)239873 Words   |  960 PagesCASE STUDY II-3 Norfolk Southern Railway: The Business Intelligence Journey CASE STUDY II-4 Mining Data to Increase State Tax Revenues in California CASE STUDY II-5 The Cliptomaniaâ„ ¢ Web Store: An E-Tailing Start-up Survival Story CASE STUDY II-6 Rock Island Chocolate Company, Inc.: Building a Social Networking Strategy CASE STUDY III-1 Managing a Systems Development Project at Consumer and Industrial Products, Inc. CASE STUDY III-2 A Make-or-Buy Decision at BaxterRead MoreProject Managment Case Studies214937 Words   |  860 PagesPROJECT MANAGEMENT CASE STUDIES, SECOND EDITION - PROJECT MANAGEMENT CASE STUDIES, SECOND EDITION HAROLD KERZNER, Ph.D. Division of Business Administration Baldwin-Wallace College Berea, Ohio John Wiley Sons, Inc. This book is printed on acid-free paper. @ Copyright O 2006 by John Wiley Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Published by John Wiley Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey Published simultaneously in Canada No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored inRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesSingapore Taipei Tokyo Editorial Director: Sally Yagan Director of Editorial Services: Ashley Santora Acquisitions Editor: Brian Mickelson Editorial Project Manager: Sarah Holle Editorial Assistant: Ashlee Bradbury VP Director of Marketing: Patrice Lumumba Jones Senior Marketing Manager: Nikki Ayana Jones Senior Managing Editor: Judy Leale Production Project Manager: Becca Groves Senior Operations Supervisor: Arnold Vila Operations Specialist: Cathleen Petersen Senior Art Director: Janet Slowik Art

Sparta Speech Free Essays

â€Å"Learn to love death’s ink-black shadow as much as you love the light of dawn. † This is a quote taken from ancient Spartan society that was said to the young men who were in the process of becoming soldiers. While Sparta is most popularly known as a warrior society, it had many other characteristics that made it revered. We will write a custom essay sample on Sparta Speech or any similar topic only for you Order Now No other civilization during the Classical Era can be compared to that of Sparta. Sparta’s legendary warriors, women, and politics made it a true iconic civilization during that time period. Of course, the main topic for discussion is that of the men and soldiers. From the moment of a Spartan girl or a boy came into the world, the military and the city state were the center of every Spartan citizen’s life. Male babies were determined by city state if they were strong enough to be Spartan citizens. If the infants didn’t fit the criterion, they were abandoned in the country side to die. This may seem very draconian, but it was a very common thing in the Greek world because Sparta made it an official government policy. When a male Spartan was at the age of seven, he was taken from his mother and sent to live in special military barracks for twenty three years. In these living quarters they were taught discipline, athletics, survival skills, hunting, weapons training and how to endure the pain. At the age of twenty in the barracks, the male Spartans become soldiers for the state. The life of a Spartan soldier was with his soldiers. He ate, slept and trained with them; they never allowed each other to veer off track during their grueling tasks. They were allowed to marry, but couldn’t live with their wives. Only equals were allowed to live with their wives and children. Equals were the soldiers who reached thirtieth age, but if any soldier who disgraced himself in any way was risked not becoming an equal. They were granted rights and allowed to participate in politics. However equals were still soldiers. Military service was required until age sixty. This military system was marveled at and rarely needed a resurgent effort after a battle. However this soldier centered state was the most liberal state in regards to the status of women. While women didn’t go through military training, they were required to be educated along similar lines. The Spartans were the only Greeks not only to take seriously the education of women; they instituted it as state policy. This was not, however, an academic education (just as the education of males was not an academic education); it was a physical education which could be grueling. Infant girls were also exposed to die if they were judged to be weak; they were later subject to physical and gymnastics training. This process of education also involved teaching women that their lives should be dedicated to the state. The women became astute and self reliant after this process. In most Greek states, women were required to stay indoors at all times (though only the upper classes could afford to observe this custom); Spartan women, however, were free to move out and had an unusual amount of domestic freedom for their husbands, after all, didn’t live at home. Spartan women were quite amenable and enjoyed a status, power, and respect that was unknown in the rest of the classical world. They controlled their own properties, as well as the properties of male relatives who were away with the army. It is estimated that women were the sole owners of at least 35% of all land and property in Sparta. The laws regarding a divorce were the same for both men and women. Unlike women in Athens, under the guise of Spartan law, if a woman became the heiress of her father because she had no living brothers to inherit, the woman was not required to divorce her current spouse in order to marry her nearest paternal relative. Spartan women rarely married before the age of 20, and unlike Athenian women who wore heavy, concealing clothes and were rarely seen outside the house, Spartan women wore short dresses and went where they pleased. Spartan society was dived into three main classes. At the top was Spartiate, or native Spartan, who could trace his or her ancestry back to the original inhabitants of the city. The Spartiate served in the army and was the only person who enjoyed the full political and legal rights of the state. Below the Spartiates were the perioeci (dwellers around and about). These were foreign people who served as a kind of buffer population between the Spartans and the helots. Because of this vital function, they were accorded a great deal of freedom and were the artisans. Most of the trade and commerce carried out in Sparta were performed by the perioeci. At the bottom, of course, were the helots. Since Spartan men were full-time soldiers, they were not available to carry out manual labor. The helots were used as unskilled serfs, tilling Spartan land. Helot women were often used as wet nurses. Helots also traveled with the Spartan army as non-combatant serfs. The relations between the helots and Spartans were at times very precarious; much time would elapse before they were able to make amends. Sparta is considered as one of the most important civilizations of all time, this proof being its military, the equality it provided for its women and its various social classes. And of course, who could forget the movie 300? How to cite Sparta Speech, Essay examples

Disadvantages of Female Leadership free essay sample

W hy do men tend to fare better in competitive environments than women do? It is a question researchers have long pondered. More than a decade ago, two economists —Claudia Goldin of Harvard and Cecilia Rouse of Princeton—found sex-based discrimination in the hiring of orchestra musicians. Beginning in the 1970s, many orchestras in the United States, hoping to remedy a dearth of women in their ranks, began conducting blind auditions. Musicians performed behind a screen so the selection committee could not see them. Goldin and Rouse compared several orchestras before and after the change—and  found that women were selected 30 percent more often when auditions were blind. For Paola Sapienza, a professor of finance at the Kellogg School of Management, the finding was fascinating—yet it did not explain the reason for the bias to begin with. Was the gender bias a result of â€Å"belief-based discrimination,† in which the judges assumed that women are le ss competent; of â€Å"taste-based discrimination,† in which the judges simply preferred men for reasons other than competence, such as a belief that the audience prefers male musicians; or of â€Å"statistical discrimination,† in which  gender confers some other valuable information (e. g. , men are preferable because they presumably do not take as much time off)? â€Å"The data in the paper were able to establish a bias,† says Sapienza, â€Å"but they could not distinguish between the three of them. † Distinguishing Between Types of Discrimination So Sapienza, along with Ernesto Reuben, an assistant professor at Columbia University; Pedro Rey-Biel, an associate professor at the Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona; and Luigi Zingales, a professor at the University of Chicago, set out to look more closely at gender bias in competitive They wanted to know why organizations might fail to select high- performing women for jobs at which the women would excel. They devised an experiment that eliminated the possibility of discrimination based on taste or statistics, to test whether belief-based discrimination could account for gender bias on its own. They divided MBA students into teams and had each team select a leader to represent them in a competition, which involved doing a series of calculations. The subjects in the study had all previously performed the same task, two years earlier, so they could use  their past performance as a means of predicting their chances of winning this time around. Before the selection took place, the students were asked to recall how well they had done in the same task two years ago. They were also asked to predict how well they would do on the same task again. Members of the team whose leader won the competition all received a cash prize, so everyone on the team had a clear incentive to choose the best leader; the leader received no more money than anyone else. Teams had five minutes in which each participant could make the case for how well they  thought they would do in the competition, and then to choose a leader based on that information. â€Å"Barring any explicit discrimination against women—which would be unlikely in an experiment with university students— groups should aim to select their most talented individual irrespective of gender,† Sapienza and her colleagues wrote. But that is not what happened. Instead, women were selected as group leaders 33. 3 percent less frequently than they should have been based solely on how well they did in the earlier competition. â€Å"Women are selected much less often as leaders than. Is suggested by their individual past performance,† the researchers wrote. â€Å"There is big evidence, even among women MBAs, that ten years out women tend to earn 60 percent less than men,† Sapienza explains, â€Å"even when they start in the same field with very similar salaries. The question is, Why do women lag behind over time? To what extent is it the result of evaluation that’s done outside, and how much does it interact with the self- promotion of men and women? † Boastful Behavior To understand what was driving their results, Sapienza and her colleagues tested three possible. Theories as to why women may be less frequently selected as leaders. The first was a difference in the way men and women judge their own abilities. The second was a difference in how men and women describe their own abilities. And the third was a difference in how men and women deal with what the researchers call â€Å"agency problems,† or how they â€Å"respond to conflicts of interest between their own interest and the group’s. † The answer turned out to be theory number two. By far the most important reason why women were being underrepresented as team leaders was how they portrayed their abilities. Relative to men’s. Both men and women in the study were inclined to overstate how well they had done in the earlier competition and how well they would do in the future, but men were far more willing to do so. What troubled Sapienza and her colleagues, though, was not that women tended to overstate their abilities less than men. It was that the people evaluating candidates for leadership did not discount men’s tendency to boast more. â€Å"The fact that men tend to overstate, that’s not a surprise,† Sapienza says. â€Å"But if everyone knows that, why don’t they just say, ‘If men say 5, it must. Be 3. ’ There is some discounting, but it’s very minimal. † These biases are a cause for some concern—in the real world, companies and organizations that can identify and choose their best members have an advantage over those that cannot. On a personal level, to overcome this, women are typically coached to boast more, Sapienza says. But that does not help companies and organizations, which would then face a field of candidates who greatly inflate their reported abilities. The solution, Sapienza suggests, is to handicap the biggest braggarts, leveling the playing field for everyone..