Free Essays on Steven King Essay

In Stephen King’s exposition â€Å"Why We Crave Horror Movies†, he discloses why individuals go to thrillers. Watching blood and gore movies is a way that numerous individuals show they are not reluctant to endure a couple of hours of a similar killing and threatening seen on nightly news reports. Lord guarantees that the very demonstration of survey these movies desensitizes us. Blood and gore movies are likewise a decent method to â€Å"re-build up our sentiments of normality†. Subsequent to survey rough films, individuals state to themselves â€Å"I am happy that I’m normal†. The feelings and dread of individuals should be practiced and kept an eye on an ordinary bases. As indicated by King, the blood and gore flick is â€Å"†¦ horribleness unchained, our most noticeably terrible senses let free, our nastiest dreams realized†¦ and everything occurs, fittingly enough, in the dark.† I concur with Stephen King when he says that thrillers resemble riding crazy rides. During center and secondary schools, my companions and I frequented many amusement parks. We immediately decided to go on rides which were considered the most terrifying. We sat in the front to get the greatest rush from a ride. The size and speed of these rides had no effect on us, since we were after the invigoration we knew these rides would give. Individuals go to watch blood and gore movies not on the grounds that it’s alarming but since its elation gives us a surge. Stephen King accentuates that blood and gore movies push individuals to an extraordinary drive in their feelings. Another genuine case of this is taking. The ascent in adrenaline that is given from taking is unimaginable. Realizing that one can take something - regardless of whether they have the cash to pay for it - and pull off it is an immense drive for individuals. Taking is something that is exceptionally devilish and can frequently help individuals to remember their youth. For instance, taking a treat from the treat container when they were five after their mom previously disclosed to them they couldn't have one. Lord makes numerous admirable sentiments in his paper. Blood and gore films are intended to be wellsprings of entert... Free Essays on Steven King Essay Free Essays on Steven King Essay In Stephen King’s exposition â€Å"Why We Crave Horror Movies†, he discloses why individuals go to blood and gore movies. Watching blood and gore movies is a way that numerous individuals show they are not reluctant to endure a couple of hours of a similar killing and threatening seen on nightly news reports. Ruler guarantees that the very demonstration of review these movies desensitizes us. Blood and gore movies are additionally a decent method to â€Å"re-build up our sentiments of normality†. Subsequent to review savage motion pictures, individuals state to themselves â€Å"I am happy that I’m normal†. The feelings and dread of individuals should be practiced and kept an eye on a normal bases. As indicated by King, the blood and gore film is â€Å"†¦ grimness unchained, our most noticeably terrible impulses let free, our nastiest dreams realized†¦ and everything occurs, fittingly enough, in the dark.† I concur with Stephen King when he says that blood and gore flicks resemble riding crazy rides. During center and secondary schools, my companions and I frequented many amusement parks. We immediately decided to go on rides which were considered the most terrifying. We sat in the front to get the greatest rush from a ride. The size and speed of these rides had no effect on us, since we were after the invigoration we knew these rides would give. Individuals go to watch blood and gore movies not on the grounds that it’s unnerving but since its thrill gives us a surge. Stephen King underlines that blood and gore movies push individuals to an exceptional drive in their feelings. Another genuine case of this is taking. The ascent in adrenaline that is given from taking is fantastic. Realizing that one can take something - regardless of whether they have the cash to pay for it - and pull off it is a colossal drive for individuals. Taking is something that is fiendish and can regularly help individuals to remember their youth. For instance, taking a treat from the treat container when they were five after their mom previously disclosed to them they couldn't have one. Ruler makes numerous admirable statements in his article. Blood and gore films are intended to be wellsprings of entert...

Equality, Diversity and Inclusion Leaflet Essay

There are numerous types of partiality and separation and it tends to be experienced by anybody at whenever. This booklet is intended to assist guardians with understanding the effect it can have on kids and youngsters and why as a school we don't acknowledge it in any structure, be it from a kindred student, an individual from staff or outside expert or a parent/watchman or relative. Who is most in danger? The youngsters and youngsters most in danger from preference as well as segregation are:- * The crippled * Those with Special Educational Needs * Those who communicate in a language not quite the same as the greater part * Those from an alternate culture, ethnicity or race * Those who show up in an unexpected way (red hair, glasses, skin coloration and so on) * Anyone new to class * Anyone who has a high or low capacity * All youngsters as per their sex Various types of preference and segregation. There are a wide range of types of bias and segregation and they may encounter at least one of these at some random time. * This can incorporate verbally abusing. * Being kept separate from exercises or gatherings. * â€Å"Dumbing down† so as not to be named a â€Å"swat or geek†. * Being forgotten about on the grounds that they have a lower capacity and are classed as â€Å"stupid†. * Those from a more unfortunate foundation may endure on the grounds that they can't stand to go on school trips. * Being singled out in light of the fact that they appear to be unique, for example being called â€Å"ginger nut or carrot top† in light of the fact that they have red hair or â€Å"specky four eyes† in light of the fact that they wear glasses. * Any one new to class may encounter being forgotten about on the grounds that they have no companions and friend bunches have just been framed. * Girls and young men can be victimized in light of their sex, â€Å"girls shouldn't play football† and â€Å"boys shouldn’t play with dolls or dance†. The entirety of the above are types of preference and separation and not every person will understand this and may have experience it or been the abuser. The impacts bias and separation can have on kids and youngsters. There are numerous influences that these types of preference and separation can have on the person in question. They run from gentle to extreme reliant on to what extent, serious the maltreatment and the perspective of the person in question. They may feel unvalued, need certainty, pull back into themselves, they won’t volunteer for exercises so as not to cause to notice themselves, they may experience issues centering and low confidence and this effects on their companionships and family life. The more drawn out this goes on the more pulled back they become and they would then be able to turn self hurting or drink and medications (youngsters) and in serious cases they could end it all. The effect our qualities and perspectives have. The manner in which we carry on around youngsters and youngsters as to our mentalities and qualities hugy affect the kids and youngsters we live with, work with and care for. The manner in which we communicate with these youngsters and youngsters is significant in light of the fact that they are not brought into the world with perspectives; mentalities are found out from the individuals who have a noteworthy contribution to their lives. It is our activity as grown-ups to set a guide to them and the previous the better. * How would we be able to anticipate that them should accomplish something on the off chance that we are not set up to do it without anyone else's help? * Whatever our religion/convictions we should demonstrate them that it is okay to be interested about different religions and convictions, assorted variety is a piece of our regular day to day existences. * Other societies can show us various perspectives and customs (so increment our attention to why they may do things another way). * We ought to support our kids and youngsters to encounter various exercises (be it a young lady playing football or a kid moving). * We are generally people and ought to be treated accordingly. * A youngster with extraordinary requirements or an incapacity is as yet a kid with sentiments and feelings. * If we are skilled and gifted and adapt effectively doesn’t mean we are dreadful to be near. * If we have exceptional needs and need additional assistance with things it doesn’t mean my emotions can't be harmed. In school it is essential to elevate Anti-unfair practice to the kids and youngsters in our charge with the goal that they know that it isn't satisfactory conduct. It is essential to instruct them that we are altogether extraordinary and remarkable and this is something to be thankful for. We need to instruct them to regard one another’s decent variety and identify with the individuals who are extraordinary (the individuals who are the casualties of preference and segregation) who they might be mishandling or know to be the survivor of misuse. We should instruct them to esteem each other as people and worth each other’s sentiments and rights to appear as something else, and instruct them that we are for the most part rises to. As a parent/carer, proficient or even an understudy it is our obligation to report any type of bias or separation that we experience or witness, regardless of whether it be from an individual from staff, an outside expert, a parent/carer or a student. You ought to consistently challenge preference and separation and you should tell whomever it is that it is unsuitable to communicate their perspectives along these lines, be it to you or another person or without a doubt to the understudy themselves. It isn't adequate to oppress someone else and on the off chance that it carries on you will report it to the important senior individual from staff in accordance with the strategies and methods set out for your setting. Bolster must be given to the casualty of the maltreatment and they should be urged to react with positive activity. Additional assistance might be expected to assist them with recuperating their confidence and certainty. Any place conceivable get the abuser to apologize to the person in question and if conceivable get them to relate to the person in question. So in the event that you see it, experience it or hear it, report it!

Using Active Voice Goodbye to be, Hello Better Writing!

Using Active Voice Goodbye “to be,” Hello Better Writing! (1) Have you ever heard an instructor say it is important to write essays in an active voice? Indeed, using an active voice is a simple and effective way to make your writing flow better and make your overall argument sound stronger. But, what does writing in an active voice actually mean? Often, instructors will throw out that rule without properly explaining what active voice looks like compared to an inactive voice. The secret to writing in an active voice is actually quite simple â€"avoid using “to be” verbs. Writing in an active voice doesn’t have to feel like an added stress to your writing process. In fact, by making a clear effort to write in an active voice, you will find that your ideas come across more clearly and that your essays will be longer. Here are 3 steps to cutting “to be” verbs and writing in an active voice. 1. Understand what a “to be” verb is and looks like Of all the verbs in the English language, you probably use “to be” verbs most often in your daily conversations and in simple writing (there are probably lots of examples in your text message history). In English, “to be” verbs indicate a literal state of being. Of course, depending on the noun and tense of the sentence they look a little different Here are all of the forms of “to be” verbs: Infinitive to be “I want to be a writer” Present am, is, are “I am a teacher” “You are a student” Past was, were “I was walking” Present Participle being “I was being moody last night” Past Participle been “I had been shopping at Wegman’s until Whole foods opened.” Present Subjunctive be “I like my apartment, but I would prefer there be better parking options” Past Subjunctive were “If I were a rich woman, I would still work” Imperative be “Be studious!” Become- “I want to become a better writer” 2. Understand why “to be” verbs lend themselves to passive voice and other problems in writing Although “to be” verbs are grammatically correct to use in a sentence, you want to avoid using them as the main verb of your sentence in academic writing, because they cause these three issues associated with inactive voice. Sentences with a “to be” verb are often quite vague You probably use “to be” verbs pretty often in your spoken interactions, because they lend themselves well to making short declarative statements that require the listener to use context clues to derive meaning, without the speaker needing to be overly specific. For example, say you have plans to meet your friend for lunch, but you are running a few minutes behind. You might text them to say: “I am leaving now!” In this sentence, you haven’t described the exact action you are performing, such as walking or driving your car, and have instead described “leaving” as your literal state of being. But, because your friend already knows the context behind this sentence, they do not need further information to understand that you are probably walking or driving over to the restaurant. Which is why this sentence is perfectly normal and acceptable for informal writing and spoken English. In more formal essay writing you want to avoid this construction precisely because it does not describe what action you are actually performing. While it might sound overly formal to write out in a text message, you could say: “I just started my car engine, and will start to drive to the restaurant. I will arrive in five minutes.” A reader who does not have the full context of your message will gain a clearer sense of your exact meaning. Obscures the actors of a sentence Another main issue that comes up if you use a “to be” verb as the main verb in your sentence, is that it often puts an emphasis on a noun in the sentence that isn’t the actual person or group performing the action. For example, you might say in a paper arguing that more people should recycle: “All plastic bottles should be recycled.” This sentence is grammatically correct, and again would sound normal in conversational English. However, it does not actually specify who should perform the action in the sentence. Do the plastic bottles recycle themselves? No! You could easily rephrase this sentence using an active voice to instead read: “Individual people should recycle every plastic bottle that they use.” This sentence construction is not only longer, and more specificâ€"it is also more persuasive. Lends itself to passive voice Using “to be” verbs can also lead you towards using the passive voice in your essay, which is a more specific grammatical construction than just using a “to be” verb. In the passive voice, the noun or noun phrase that would be the object of an active sentence appears as the subject. For example, in the active voice, you might say: “The teacher graded our papers.” In the passive voice this sentence would read: “The papers were graded by our teacher.” Notice how the object of the sentence appears as the subject of the sentence in passive voice. This is an issue, because it not only obscures the actors of the sentence, it can make it easy to drop the actor all together. For example, it would be grammatically correct to just say: “The papers were graded.” In this sentence, the actor performing the verb drops away, and the sentence becomes even more vague. It is easy to spot the passive voice in writing because it requires either the “was” or “were” form of the “to be” verb as the main verb of the sentence. While not every instance of a “to be” verb is the passive voice, the passive voice requires using these two specific “to be” verbs. Hard to prove You also want to avoid using “to be” verbs as the main verb of your sentence in formal or academic writing, because it makes it hard to prove that the sentence is correct. This problem arises because “to be” verbs indicate a literal state of being. For example, in your essay on recycling, you might say: “Plastic waste is harmful to the environment.” Though this sentence is a grammatically correct and declarative statement, it does not give a specific depiction of what you mean. It is easy for the reader to question “how is it harmful to the environment?” By stating the noun phrase “plastic waste” is in a state of being that is “harmful to the environment,” you have not detailed what action plastic waste performs on the environment. It is therefore easier for the reader to dismiss your claim. To phrase this same idea in the active voice, you might instead say: “When plastic waste builds up in landfills, it harms the environment because it disrupts the ecosystems of the wildlife habitat.” Not only have you moved into the active voice, your sentence is longer and more specific! 3. Use these strategies to avoid using “to be” verbs in your writing The easiest way to avoid using these pesky “to be” verbs in your writing is to always structure your sentences to have the subject who performs the action come before the verbs. For Example : “At the 2017 Superbowl the halftime show was performed by Lady Gaga.” In this sentence, the subject “Lady Gaga” does not appear until the end of the sentence, and there is a “to be” verb in the passive voice “was.” In order to put this sentence in the active voice, simply restructure the sentence to have the subject appear before the verb. In the active voice, this sentence would read: “Lady Gaga performed at the 2017 Superbowl half-time show.” Another effective strategy to avoid using “to be” verbs in your essay is to make sure you don’t use any verbs that end in “ing.” You want to avoid this, because usually verbs that end in “ing” use a “to be” verb as the main verb in the phrase. For example: “Plastic waste is polluting the environment.” To make this sentence active take the verb that has the “ing” ending and make it the main verb of the sentence to instead read “Plastic waste pollutes the environment.” It is a general rule that active voice requires the verb of the sentence to end with an “s” rather than “ing.” Although maintaining an active voice in your writing may feel challenging at first, if you focus on avoiding “to be” verbs in each sentence, you will write clear and better developed sentences in the active voice. Once you have gone through these tips, writing in the active voice will come easily to you.

Aristotle s Influence On Democracy - 1561 Words

After democracy was introduced in Athens around the 5th century B.C.E., the majority of the Greek intellectual community condemned it as a form of communal tyranny. Socrates was put to trial and executed after a vote by the Athenian citizens because, despite strong evidence negating their arguments, the common people blamed him for corrupting the city’s youth. Aristotle would later argue in his writings that the most effective democracy should include equal power between the rich minority and the poor majority, so the poor could not take advantage of the rich. In other words, Aristotle felt that the poor should have a disproportionately small voice in democracy, perhaps believing that they were fundamentally less capable than the educated bourgeois of making the right decision. After two and a half thousand millennia have past, we’d all like to believe we’ve perfected this tried and failed egalitarian system. After all, the entirety of the first world operates un der political structures that can largely be described as democratic, and there is something intuitively, morally correct about every person having an equal say, right? On November 8th, 2016, when Hilary Clinton defeated Donald Trump in the 2016 presidential election, the academic elite screamed their approval. This was progress. This will go down as the iconic victory of tolerance over bigotry, of rational thought over dogmatism, of love over hate. After a historically gruesome campaign, characterized by violence,Show MoreRelatedGreece s Impact On The World1360 Words   |  6 PagesUnited States and the world? Many would say that the Romans had the most impact on United States and the world and some may contradict and say Greece had the most influence. However, Greece influenced the world and United States the most in tremendous ways. Greece gave the United States the influence to start it’s first direct democracy, philosophers set up the foundation on how to think, and great minds who discovered the basics of Science and Math to medicine and astronomy emerged from Greece.Read MoreGreece s Impact On The World1335 Words   |  6 PagesUnit ed States and the world? Many would say that the Romans had the most impact on United States and the world and some may contradict and say Greece had the most influence. However, Greece influenced the world and the United States the most in tremendous ways. Greece gave the United States the influence to start it’s first direct democracy, philosophers set up the foundation on how to think, and great minds who discovered the basics of Science and Math to medicine and astronomy emerged from GreeceRead MoreCultural, Economical, Religious, And Political Contributions847 Words   |  4 PagesChristians were punished and often put to death. This did not stop them though, seeing as they began to meet in secret and their population continued to grow in number. Then in 3113 AD, the emperor Constantine made Christianity legal. â€Å"Christianity’s influence, however, set into motion the belief that man is accountable to God and that the law is the same regardless of status. Mo re than one thousand years before the birth of Christ the biblical requirement given by Moses comprised an essential componentRead MoreComparing Aristotle And Niccolo Machiavelli Essay1698 Words   |  7 PagesThe term political scientist has been used to describe both Aristotle and Niccolo Machiavelli, but does that term do the work of either man justice? From the outset it is very easy to see the philosophical differences between the two men and their visions of the political system(s). It is fairly obvious that both men were products of their times, Aristotle coming from the end of the Golden Age of Greece and Machiavelli coming from end of Medieval Europe, but in both cases their ideas and advice haveRead MoreAn Analysis Of Euripides The Suppliants 1372 Words   |  6 PagesIn The Suppliants, Euripides wrote, â€Å"The people cannot form proper judgements and therefore cannot rightly direct a state†. Euripides is living in the midst of democracy in Athens; therefore hi s quote is a critique of what is happening around him. In his quote, he is taking an anti-democratic stance towards the question of who is fit to rule. Euripides believes only one or few people should rule a state, as not all are qualified or have the ‘proper judgement’ to do so. However, people do rule theRead MoreHistorical Events That Took Place During The Classical Period1458 Words   |  6 Pages27, 2015 World Literature I Historically Significant Influences of Aristotle During the Classical Period, 500-232 BCE, Greece was at the peak of its political and cultural achievement. This was also a time of war, most noteworthy being the vast empire created by Alexander the Great. In a period containing such an immense amount of historical significance there is no doubting that it had influenced the people born. Notorious philosopher Aristotle is no exception, contributing a great deal to the fieldsRead MoreAristotle s Influence On Modern Society1435 Words   |  6 Pagesinfluential person in the pre-modern age in World History is Aristotle. Aristotle was a Greek philosopher, a student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great. He wrote on many different subjects, including physics, poetry, theater, music, logic, rhetoric, politics, government, ethics, biology and even zoology. Aristotle was one of the most important philosophers in Western thought, and was one of the first to systematize philosophy and science. Aristotle questioned the nature of the wo rld and of human beliefRead MoreAristotles Contributions to the World: An Analysis1368 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Aristotle Aristotle Introduction If liberty and equality, as is thought by some are chiefly to be found in democracy, they will be best attained when all persons alike share in the government to the utmost. Law is order, and good law is good order. Man is by nature a political animal. ~Aristotle Philosophers, historians, scientists, politicians and other professionals across many disciplines consider Aristotle to be one of the greatest and prolific figures of the civilization of AncientRead MoreAnalysis Of Aristotle s The Golden Mean 1109 Words   |  5 PagesPart 3 - Aristotle - The Golden Mean Aristotle was a greek philosopher that taught and stressed many important and revolutionary ideas/philosophies. He was born in 384 BC, and was a student of Plato, as well as founded/ taught at several academies. He wrote on diverse subjects, including physics, metaphysics, poetry, logic, politics, government, and ethics. He contributed to almost every field of human knowledge in existence during his time, and he was the founder of many new fields. Aristotle was oneRead MoreStudent Teacher1669 Words   |  7 PagesThe relationship that a teacher and student share is of trust, respect and devotion. Teachers influence their students by shaping their rational and moral virtues and hence, play an important role in molding the society as a whole. The education system of ancient India and Greece shared some common characteristics. In both cultures, teachers and their disciples conglomerated at specific places earmarked for educational purposes. This is where students gained both spiritual and material education

Augusta Resource Corporation and Their Mining Video Aimed...

In 2006, a Canadian company called Augusta resource Corporation proposed an initial plan of developing a copper mine in southeast of Arizona. The controversy started after the company submitted their proposal, the opponents of this plan were mainly Arizona locals, which they believe that this copper mine will affect the local tourism and bring permanent damage to the environment. Therefore, the company Augusta Resource Corporation created this Facebook video demonstrates how this project is going to bring benefits to the locals and stimulates the overall economy while keep the environmental damage as a minimal. This video gives a comprehensive overview of how industrialization has shaped America and the benefits this mine will bring, furthermore, it emphasizes how several national organizations have supported their plan. Through the use of ethos, this video mentioned several well known organizations such as NEPA and Mined America, has evaluated their plan, in addition, the video prov ides strong and believable evidences of this mine’s advantage with official data and the use of color green, in order to convince not only the locals but also the government. The video can separate into three parts, and each part gives a different presentation of ethos, also, each part has different impacts on audiences who are watching this video. The author of this Facebook video is a Canadian base metal company called Augusta Resource Corporation; their current project is to advance theShow MoreRelatedManaging Information Technology (7th Edition)239873 Words   |  960 PagesCASE STUDY II-3 Norfolk Southern Railway: The Business Intelligence Journey CASE STUDY II-4 Mining Data to Increase State Tax Revenues in California CASE STUDY II-5 The Cliptomaniaâ„ ¢ Web Store: An E-Tailing Start-up Survival Story CASE STUDY II-6 Rock Island Chocolate Company, Inc.: Building a Social Networking Strategy CASE STUDY III-1 Managing a Systems Development Project at Consumer and Industrial Products, Inc. CASE STUDY III-2 A Make-or-Buy Decision at BaxterRead MoreProject Managment Case Studies214937 Words   |  860 PagesPROJECT MANAGEMENT CASE STUDIES, SECOND EDITION - PROJECT MANAGEMENT CASE STUDIES, SECOND EDITION HAROLD KERZNER, Ph.D. Division of Business Administration Baldwin-Wallace College Berea, Ohio John Wiley Sons, Inc. This book is printed on acid-free paper. @ Copyright O 2006 by John Wiley Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Published by John Wiley Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey Published simultaneously in Canada No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored inRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesSingapore Taipei Tokyo Editorial Director: Sally Yagan Director of Editorial Services: Ashley Santora Acquisitions Editor: Brian Mickelson Editorial Project Manager: Sarah Holle Editorial Assistant: Ashlee Bradbury VP Director of Marketing: Patrice Lumumba Jones Senior Marketing Manager: Nikki Ayana Jones Senior Managing Editor: Judy Leale Production Project Manager: Becca Groves Senior Operations Supervisor: Arnold Vila Operations Specialist: Cathleen Petersen Senior Art Director: Janet Slowik Art

Sparta Speech Free Essays

â€Å"Learn to love death’s ink-black shadow as much as you love the light of dawn. † This is a quote taken from ancient Spartan society that was said to the young men who were in the process of becoming soldiers. While Sparta is most popularly known as a warrior society, it had many other characteristics that made it revered. We will write a custom essay sample on Sparta Speech or any similar topic only for you Order Now No other civilization during the Classical Era can be compared to that of Sparta. Sparta’s legendary warriors, women, and politics made it a true iconic civilization during that time period. Of course, the main topic for discussion is that of the men and soldiers. From the moment of a Spartan girl or a boy came into the world, the military and the city state were the center of every Spartan citizen’s life. Male babies were determined by city state if they were strong enough to be Spartan citizens. If the infants didn’t fit the criterion, they were abandoned in the country side to die. This may seem very draconian, but it was a very common thing in the Greek world because Sparta made it an official government policy. When a male Spartan was at the age of seven, he was taken from his mother and sent to live in special military barracks for twenty three years. In these living quarters they were taught discipline, athletics, survival skills, hunting, weapons training and how to endure the pain. At the age of twenty in the barracks, the male Spartans become soldiers for the state. The life of a Spartan soldier was with his soldiers. He ate, slept and trained with them; they never allowed each other to veer off track during their grueling tasks. They were allowed to marry, but couldn’t live with their wives. Only equals were allowed to live with their wives and children. Equals were the soldiers who reached thirtieth age, but if any soldier who disgraced himself in any way was risked not becoming an equal. They were granted rights and allowed to participate in politics. However equals were still soldiers. Military service was required until age sixty. This military system was marveled at and rarely needed a resurgent effort after a battle. However this soldier centered state was the most liberal state in regards to the status of women. While women didn’t go through military training, they were required to be educated along similar lines. The Spartans were the only Greeks not only to take seriously the education of women; they instituted it as state policy. This was not, however, an academic education (just as the education of males was not an academic education); it was a physical education which could be grueling. Infant girls were also exposed to die if they were judged to be weak; they were later subject to physical and gymnastics training. This process of education also involved teaching women that their lives should be dedicated to the state. The women became astute and self reliant after this process. In most Greek states, women were required to stay indoors at all times (though only the upper classes could afford to observe this custom); Spartan women, however, were free to move out and had an unusual amount of domestic freedom for their husbands, after all, didn’t live at home. Spartan women were quite amenable and enjoyed a status, power, and respect that was unknown in the rest of the classical world. They controlled their own properties, as well as the properties of male relatives who were away with the army. It is estimated that women were the sole owners of at least 35% of all land and property in Sparta. The laws regarding a divorce were the same for both men and women. Unlike women in Athens, under the guise of Spartan law, if a woman became the heiress of her father because she had no living brothers to inherit, the woman was not required to divorce her current spouse in order to marry her nearest paternal relative. Spartan women rarely married before the age of 20, and unlike Athenian women who wore heavy, concealing clothes and were rarely seen outside the house, Spartan women wore short dresses and went where they pleased. Spartan society was dived into three main classes. At the top was Spartiate, or native Spartan, who could trace his or her ancestry back to the original inhabitants of the city. The Spartiate served in the army and was the only person who enjoyed the full political and legal rights of the state. Below the Spartiates were the perioeci (dwellers around and about). These were foreign people who served as a kind of buffer population between the Spartans and the helots. Because of this vital function, they were accorded a great deal of freedom and were the artisans. Most of the trade and commerce carried out in Sparta were performed by the perioeci. At the bottom, of course, were the helots. Since Spartan men were full-time soldiers, they were not available to carry out manual labor. The helots were used as unskilled serfs, tilling Spartan land. Helot women were often used as wet nurses. Helots also traveled with the Spartan army as non-combatant serfs. The relations between the helots and Spartans were at times very precarious; much time would elapse before they were able to make amends. Sparta is considered as one of the most important civilizations of all time, this proof being its military, the equality it provided for its women and its various social classes. And of course, who could forget the movie 300? How to cite Sparta Speech, Essay examples

Disadvantages of Female Leadership free essay sample

W hy do men tend to fare better in competitive environments than women do? It is a question researchers have long pondered. More than a decade ago, two economists —Claudia Goldin of Harvard and Cecilia Rouse of Princeton—found sex-based discrimination in the hiring of orchestra musicians. Beginning in the 1970s, many orchestras in the United States, hoping to remedy a dearth of women in their ranks, began conducting blind auditions. Musicians performed behind a screen so the selection committee could not see them. Goldin and Rouse compared several orchestras before and after the change—and  found that women were selected 30 percent more often when auditions were blind. For Paola Sapienza, a professor of finance at the Kellogg School of Management, the finding was fascinating—yet it did not explain the reason for the bias to begin with. Was the gender bias a result of â€Å"belief-based discrimination,† in which the judges assumed that women are le ss competent; of â€Å"taste-based discrimination,† in which the judges simply preferred men for reasons other than competence, such as a belief that the audience prefers male musicians; or of â€Å"statistical discrimination,† in which  gender confers some other valuable information (e. g. , men are preferable because they presumably do not take as much time off)? â€Å"The data in the paper were able to establish a bias,† says Sapienza, â€Å"but they could not distinguish between the three of them. † Distinguishing Between Types of Discrimination So Sapienza, along with Ernesto Reuben, an assistant professor at Columbia University; Pedro Rey-Biel, an associate professor at the Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona; and Luigi Zingales, a professor at the University of Chicago, set out to look more closely at gender bias in competitive They wanted to know why organizations might fail to select high- performing women for jobs at which the women would excel. They devised an experiment that eliminated the possibility of discrimination based on taste or statistics, to test whether belief-based discrimination could account for gender bias on its own. They divided MBA students into teams and had each team select a leader to represent them in a competition, which involved doing a series of calculations. The subjects in the study had all previously performed the same task, two years earlier, so they could use  their past performance as a means of predicting their chances of winning this time around. Before the selection took place, the students were asked to recall how well they had done in the same task two years ago. They were also asked to predict how well they would do on the same task again. Members of the team whose leader won the competition all received a cash prize, so everyone on the team had a clear incentive to choose the best leader; the leader received no more money than anyone else. Teams had five minutes in which each participant could make the case for how well they  thought they would do in the competition, and then to choose a leader based on that information. â€Å"Barring any explicit discrimination against women—which would be unlikely in an experiment with university students— groups should aim to select their most talented individual irrespective of gender,† Sapienza and her colleagues wrote. But that is not what happened. Instead, women were selected as group leaders 33. 3 percent less frequently than they should have been based solely on how well they did in the earlier competition. â€Å"Women are selected much less often as leaders than. Is suggested by their individual past performance,† the researchers wrote. â€Å"There is big evidence, even among women MBAs, that ten years out women tend to earn 60 percent less than men,† Sapienza explains, â€Å"even when they start in the same field with very similar salaries. The question is, Why do women lag behind over time? To what extent is it the result of evaluation that’s done outside, and how much does it interact with the self- promotion of men and women? † Boastful Behavior To understand what was driving their results, Sapienza and her colleagues tested three possible. Theories as to why women may be less frequently selected as leaders. The first was a difference in the way men and women judge their own abilities. The second was a difference in how men and women describe their own abilities. And the third was a difference in how men and women deal with what the researchers call â€Å"agency problems,† or how they â€Å"respond to conflicts of interest between their own interest and the group’s. † The answer turned out to be theory number two. By far the most important reason why women were being underrepresented as team leaders was how they portrayed their abilities. Relative to men’s. Both men and women in the study were inclined to overstate how well they had done in the earlier competition and how well they would do in the future, but men were far more willing to do so. What troubled Sapienza and her colleagues, though, was not that women tended to overstate their abilities less than men. It was that the people evaluating candidates for leadership did not discount men’s tendency to boast more. â€Å"The fact that men tend to overstate, that’s not a surprise,† Sapienza says. â€Å"But if everyone knows that, why don’t they just say, ‘If men say 5, it must. Be 3. ’ There is some discounting, but it’s very minimal. † These biases are a cause for some concern—in the real world, companies and organizations that can identify and choose their best members have an advantage over those that cannot. On a personal level, to overcome this, women are typically coached to boast more, Sapienza says. But that does not help companies and organizations, which would then face a field of candidates who greatly inflate their reported abilities. The solution, Sapienza suggests, is to handicap the biggest braggarts, leveling the playing field for everyone..

An Explanation of Chain Migration

An Explanation of Chain Migration Chain migration has several meanings, so its  often misused and misunderstood. It can refer to the tendency of immigrants to follow those of a similar ethnic and cultural heritage to communities theyve established in their new homeland. For example, its not unusual to find Chinese immigrants settling in Northern California or Mexican immigrants settling in South Texas because their ethnic conclaves have been well-established in these areas for decades. Reasons for Chain Migration   Immigrants tend to gravitate to places where they feel comfortable. Those places often are  home to previous generations who share the same culture and nationality.   The History of Family Reunification in the U.S. More recently,  the term chain migration has become a pejorative description for immigrant family reunification and serial migration.  Comprehensive immigration reform  includes a pathway to citizenship that critics of the chain migration argument often use as a reason to deny unauthorized immigrants legalization. The issue has been at the center of U.S. political debate since the 2016 presidential campaign and throughout the early part of Donald Trumps presidency. The U.S. policy of family reunification began in 1965 when 74 percent of all new immigrants were brought into the U.S. on family reunification visas. They included unmarried adult children of U.S. citizens (20 percent), spouses and unmarried children of permanent resident aliens (20 percent), married children of U.S. citizens (10 percent), and brothers and sisters of U.S. citizens over age 21 (24 percent). The government also increased family-based visa approvals for Haitians after a devastating earthquake in that country in 2010. Critics of these family reunification decisions call them examples of chain migration. Pros and Cons   Cuban immigrants have been some of the prime beneficiaries of family reunification over the years, helping to create their large exile community in South Florida. The Obama administration renewed the Cuban Family Reunification Parole Program in 2010, allowing 30,000 Cuban immigrants into the country the previous year. Overall, hundreds of thousands of Cubans have entered the U.S. through reunification since the 1960s. Opponents of reform efforts often are  opposed to family-based immigration as well. The United States allows its citizens to petition for legal status for their immediate relatives- spouses, minor children,  and parents- without numerical limitations. U.S. citizens also can  petition for other family members with some quota and numerical restrictions, including unmarried adult sons and daughters, married sons and daughters, brothers, and sisters. Opponents of family-based immigration argue that it has caused migration to the U.S. to skyrocket. They say it encourages overstaying visas and manipulating the system, and that it allows too many poor and unskilled people into the country. What the Research Says   Research- especially that performed by the Pew Hispanic Center- refutes these claims. In fact, studies have shown that family-based immigration has encouraged stability. It has promoted playing by the rules and financial independence. The government caps the number of family members who can immigrate each year, keeping the levels of immigration in check. Immigrants with strong family ties and stable homes do better in their adopted countries  and theyre generally a better bet to become successful Americans than immigrants who are on their own.

6 Tips for Writing Good Website Copy Blog

6 Tips for Writing Good Website Copy Blog 6 Tips for Writing Good Website Copy The internet is a big place, with a lot of websites competing for attention. How, then, can you make sure that your website stands out from the crowd? 1. Get to the Point! People have busy lives. If they’re looking for information online, they want it quickly. As such, each page on your site should clearly state what it is about. If you are writing copy for a pizza restaurant, for example, you would want to say what kind of food it sells and where the restaurant is first, as these are the most important details. An appetizing image will go a long way, too! Should you have more to say, you can save it for further down the page! 2. Keep It Short Short paragraphs are much easier to read, especially on screen. And since you’re not limited by page size with website copy, there is no reason to pack a lot of text into a small space. The ideal length of a paragraph on paper is typically around 100-200 words. But even this is too long for online copy, where paragraphs shouldn’t be more than two or three sentences long. You can even use single-sentence paragraphs, like this one! 3. Use Simple Language There is a place for long, fancy words on the internet (especially in online Scrabble). But your website copy needs to be easy to read and you should keep your writing simple. This may include: Using clear, concise sentences Avoiding jargon and technical language Using the active voice Using shorter words where possible For example, if you were selling lawnmowers, you could boast of offering â€Å"contraptions for the accelerated and efficacious reduction of Poa pratensis.† But it would be much better for everyone involved if you simply said â€Å"machines for fast and effective lawn care† instead. 4. Format for Skimmers How you format your copy is almost as important as what you write. In particular, you need to format your writing to catch the attention of skim readers. This means using: Subheadings to break up the text Bold fonts or other emphasis to highlight key words Bullet points and numbered lists Images and/or videos alongside the text If your reader can spot key information thanks to formatting, this will keep them on the site. 5. Think SEO When writing website copy, you’re not just writing for human readers. You’re also writing for search engines, as this is one way that people will find your site. This is where search engine optimization (SEO) comes in. We won’t go into any depth about SEO here, as it is a complicated subject. But the basic idea involves: Identifying key words for each page on the site (i.e. what people will search for to find it) Working these naturally into your website copy If you do not have key words yet, do a little research online to find the right ones for your site. 6. Proofread Everything The internet is a Wild West for writing, with the rules of grammar, spelling, and punctuation often ignored. But typos on your website will look unprofessional. And if you don’t care about your website copy, people might think you don’t care about your business either! As such, getting your website copy proofread before it goes online is essential.

Product Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Product Marketing - Essay Example Brand awareness consists of brand recognition and brand recall. The former relates to consumers' ability to confirm prior exposure to the brand when given the brand as a cue. The latter relates to consumers' ability to retrieve the brand when given the product category, the needs fulfilled by the category, or some other type of probe as a cue. The management of Beijing brand awareness will play an important role in potential sponsorship decision making for three major reasons. First, it is important that potential sponsorships think of Beijing brand when they think about Olympics games. Second, Beijing brand awareness can affect decisions about brands in the consideration set, even if there are essentially no other brand associations. Finally and the most important, Beijing brand awareness affects sponsorships and consumers decision making by influencing the formation and strength of brand associations in the brand image. A necessary condition for the creation of a brand image is that a brand node has been established in memory. On the other hand, related to brand image, it is defined as perceptions about a brand as reflected by the brand associations held in consumer memory. Likewise, brand associations are the other informational nodes linked to the brand node in memory and contain the meaning of the brand for sponsorships and consumers. Based on the proposal of Keller (199... Based on the proposal of Keller (1993), marketing team of Beijing Olympics games has to consider three major categories of increasing scope: attributes, benefits, and attitudes. The attribute category is related with the features that characterize the Olympics games. Likewise, attributes are categorized in product-related and non product-related. The former is defined as the ingredients necessary for performing the product or service sought by consumers. The latter is defined as external aspects of the product or service that relate to its purchase or consumption. The four main types of non-product related attributes are: price information, packaging or product appearance information, user imagery (e.g. what type of person uses the product or service), and usage imagery (e.g. where and in what types of situations the product or service is used). In the case of management Beijing brand focused on sponsorships, marketing team has to put emphasis on user imagery. Associations of the typical sponsorship of Beijing Olympics are based not only on demographics aspect but also on psychographics. User image attributes can also produce brand personality attributes. Plummer (1985) assets that one component of brand image is the personality or character of the brand itself. Consequently, potential sponsors will expect to form part of a brand which is composed by sponsors of their same "personality" (e.g. brand image of the sponsors). The benefit category is the personal value consumers (in our case sponsorships) attach to the product or service attributes, that is, what consumers think the product or service can do for them. Benefits can be distinguished into three categories

Zara Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Zara - Essay Example In order to evaluate the changes in the retail clothing industry and the position of Zara, an analysis of the external environment has been carried out with the help of five forces as described below. The forces which are favourable for Zara are attractive for their future prospects whereas the forces which are less attractive poses threat to the business of Zara. There other three major external forces that have substantial impact on the business of activities of Zara. These are social factors, technological factors and economic factors. In case of social factors, changing trend of people’s choices and preferences about their clothing and apparels is one of the major issues. The company has to keep high focus on this trend so that they can come up with new designs according to the new trend in the market. In case of technological factor, most important issue to look on is adoption and use of advanced technology i.e. hi-tech machineries and techniques of production and designi ng of clothes and apparels. In case of economic factor, the volatile economy of every developed and developing market is one of the major issues to look on. This factor has high impact on price of raw materials, operating cost of the company and lastly the price of finished products. External Environment analysis of Zara (Porter’s Five Forces Analysis) Competitive rivalry in the industry The retail market in the clothing industry is highly competitive due to the presence of the Big 4 in the apparel industry, namely Zara, The Gap, Benetton and the H&M. All these companies have adopted the strategy of expanding in the global markets which has been reflected in the tight competition for market share (OaShaughnessy 57). The financial performance of Zara in 2011 denotes that the company has performed exceedingly well as compared to its competitors. The profits of Zara have increased by 12% whereas the profits of Benetton, The Gap, and H&M have changed by only 1%. The competitive s uccess for Zara is an attractive external force for Zara which has been attained due to its responsive marketing, efficient supply chain and human resource management. Threat of new entrants The retail clothing industry is highly competitive with the increasing presence of clothing companies at the regional, national as well as in the global level. The new players are also targeting the apparel industry due to the shift towards the online mode of business. Although there is threat of new entrants, Zara is comfortable in the short term as the company has developed a brand image in the international marke

Merits of Arbitrations

Merits of Arbitrations Critically assess the respective merits of arbitrations under the ICC, LCIA and ICSID rules: Introduction: In order to fully comprehend how arbitration that transcend states this discussion will explain how states are bound by contractual obligations in the public and private international arena. It will consider the role of the ICC and the protection of human rights violations within states, asking whether it is better to allow domestic jurisdictions to prosecute or the ICC. This will then be applied to situations when states become involved in investment practices between states and what duty of care these states owe to each other and their investors. Hence considering the legal nature of contracts between states, i.e. can they be easily be rescinded or is there a higher obligation to honour? Does this differ when states are in a position of dominance? Also investment law arguably bridges between private international law and public international law because investment from the WTO, WBO and states such as the US and regions, such as the EU need certain social and democratic treaties to be initiated and fulfilled. The main concern of countries within the international arena is to maintain its sovereignty and integrity from incursions of other states, which is the arena of public international law. This discussion is going to consider the effectiveness of international law in dealing with disputes once an incursion has occurred, focusing on whether the decisions at an international legal level are effective or flouted in either a direct or indirect manner. In order to do this essay is going to consider when a state has been subject to and penalized by international law it can legally not adhere to these obligations. In the case of private individuals that transcend borders there is the problem that the stronger party will lobby to have the case in the state that protects their interests, which will be considered when discussing the LCIA. International Criminal Court (ICC) – Outdated System of Arbitration: The ICC deals only with war criminals as defined under the Rome Statute. Crimes against humanity as defined in the Rome Statue include extermination of citizens, slavery, torture, rape, forced pregnancy, persecution on the grounds of race, religion, culture, gender or ethnicity, disappearances that are forced by the state and systemic attack on civilians. In short what the Rome Statute has done is extend the crimes that contained in a warfare situation to a non-warfare situation, i.e. if the state or political leader commissions such crimes it is contravening international humanitarian law, which results in criminal liability. The other crimes that the ICC deals with are genocide and crimes of aggression against other states or even between factions within the states. However the key factor of prosecutions by the ICC relies on actions by the state, it does not take into account non-state actors, such as corporations; therefore limiting its power and authority. The ICC seems more inte rested in the actions of states as opposed to other actors, which is primarily to do with the fact other organizations are not signatories to the UNDHR. At the moment the ICC has only investigated four states and is taking action against three, which are Uganda, the Congo and the Dafur in the Sudan and the process is lengthy and it is questionable it will sanction the ring leaders as opposed to causing more harm to the poverty stricken. This follows the problems with many international human rights law; for example if one is a large company they should not be able to abuse human rights, such abuses will be dealt with by domestic courts if they are properly protected; however in developing nations where economics outweigh the individual’s rights then these abuses go unchecked. This is partially the liability of the state which should be properly prosecuted; however the transnational corporation should also be held liable for their role in the abuses. Human rights and crimes ag ainst humanity will not be properly protected until companies who commit, initiate or support individual state’s and political leader’s actions that result in crimes of humanity are held criminally liable. It seems to fail to bring many cases because it includes crimes under the genocide convention and these are primarily brought under national courts and not the ICC, which is its domain since 1998. In addition to local tribunals that the UN sets up in post-war areas, so the ICC is not really performing the duties it was set up to do and focuses too much on the state. Prior to the ICC domestic courts brought actions under the genocide convention and focused on the criminals and seemed to be successful. The most famous or infamous examples are those of ex-Nazi Officers after their acts during the concentration camps in Nazi occupied areas of Europe. The conviction of these officers after the war seemed straight forward as with the cases of Knochen[1] and Oberg[2] Yet th e conviction of officers today is still hard under the convention, one example is the case of Imre Fitte in an Ontarian Court in Canada, where the crime was kidnapping and slaughtering Jews in 1944 as a Nazi Officer.[3] Another problem fraught case dating back to Nazi Germany and the Canadian courts is the case of Oberlander; whereby the government has tried to deport Oberlander because of his involvement with the Nazi death squads and the evidence has shown he lied about his innocence, but still has not been convicted of the crime due to legal technicalities: The government is trying to deport Oberlander, 78, after a Federal Court judge found he lied about his involvement with the death squad when he applied to emigrate from Germany in the early 1950s. Cabinet paved the way for his expulsion by stripping him of Canadian citizenship last year. But, as has been the case since proceedings against Oberlander began more than seven years ago, his fate remains unclear amid legal wrangling. Lawyers for Oberlander are seeking a judicial review of the cabinet decision, arguing it was flawed. They are also trying to have deportation proceedings put on hold until that issue is settled. The immigration hearing in Toronto was allowed to resume yesterday it was suspended almost a year ago but board member Carmen DeCarlo cant make a deportation order until a related appeal has been decided.[4] Yet there are successful cases where an individual is prosecuted for genocide, such as another Canadian Case of Leon Mugesera who was convicted of inciting genocide in Rwanda in a speech given in 1992, this resulted in a deportation order back to Rwanda; however Mugesera is still on appeal in Canada.[5] The most famous example of a successful genocide case is the one of Pinochet in Chile; whereby his immunity was lifted and his has been found guilty of this crime with ten other cohorts.[6] In the UK domestic courts held that officers of former Yugoslavia were guilty of the crime of genocide, which seems to be a situation that mirrors the horrors of Nazi Germany: Fridays military court finding in the central Serbian town of Nis jailed Lt. Col. Zlatan Mancic for seven years and Capt. Rade Radivojevic for five years on charges of ordering two soldiers to kill two Albanians during the conflict in April 1999.[7] Therefore there has been mixed success with respect to genocide in domestic court, especially with the necessary requirement of men rea. If one considers the International Criminal Tribunal of Rwanda’s (ICTR) actions in respect to the genocide in Rwanda only eleven persons have been found guilty of the crime of genocide, which illustrates that there are problems with prosecuting under the convention as a lot more persons were involved in this bloodbath. In the ICTR cases of Ruggiu[8] and Serushago[9] their guilty pleas were seen as mitigating circumstances and the sentences were more lenient for helping to exterminate persons of another race? Therefore the law seems to be focused on the mindset of the potential accused rather than the atrocities committed by their acts. Another problem with the Genocide Convention is that it needs to be either upheld in a domestic court or by a international tribunal; however to have an international tribunal it needs to international in natur e as illustrated in the Tadic case where there was movement for dismissal as it was argued that the International Criminal Tribunal of Former Yugoslavia (ICTY) had no jurisdiction as it was a domestic conflict.[10] The tribunal ruled in the broadest manner and ensured that its jurisdiction was upheld; however this illustrates the deficiencies of current international law, i.e. it needs to take in the actions of civil society and the domestic not just focus on the role of state actors, as the ICC is too focused upon. It needs to learn from the past deficiencies rather than to perpetrate these problems. LCIA ICSID – Fairness in Private International Law: The LCIA deals with commercial disputes and provides a forum for individuals to turn to when a commercial agreement crosses borders. The LCIA follows the law of private international law and does not bring the confusing factors of regime shopping; rather arbitration process relies on the just route. Here are the basic rules of arbitration: The LCIA arbitration rules are universally applicable. They offer a combination of the best features of the civil and common law systems, including in particular: maximum flexibility for parties and tribunals to agree on procedural matters speed and efficiency in the appointment of arbitrators, including expedited procedures means of reducing delays and counteracting delaying tactics tribunals power to decide on their own jurisdiction a range of interim and conservatory measures tribunals power to order security for claims and for costs special powers for joinder of third parties fast-track option waiver of right of appeal costs computed without regard to the amounts in dispute staged deposits parties are not required to pay for the whole arbitration in advance[11] Therefore the aim is to make disputes easier to resolve, without going through a domestic legal system that gives one party over the other an advantage. This introduces the problem of regime shopping that the independent forum of the LCIA would resolve. [The] possibility of shopping around for suitable legislation is often said to be most influential since the other elements depend on the controversial aim of deepening European integration. It is possible that the United States situation may be a precedent. In the United States individuals are free to incorporate under the laws of any state since the location of the company is not relevant.[12] This has caused problems because justice is not being served; rather powerful players are breaching the rules of justice to win their case under the most favorable regime. In the EU this has been seen in the Centros Decision[13], which has been condemned for putting economic interests above the interests of justice. This decision was based around the requirements of registration and trade within Denmark, which raised an issue of conflict between the laws of the UK, Ireland and the Netherlands whereby a properly registered foreign company is to be recognized; whereas Nordic law depends upon registration and whether refusal of registration was permissible to stop the circumvention of national law. The ECJ decided that this refusal went against the principles of competition law, which resulted in regional competition law outweighing domestic law therefore undermining the sovereignty of the state. The aim of the two Danish nationals by registering their company Centros in the UK and then transferring to Denmark was purely to circumvent the fee associated with registration. The question was whether the Danish court could refuse registration in Denmark because the aim was to defraud the Danish state; the ECJ advised that refusing registration was imposing an obstacle of the basic freedoms that make up company law. This case basically has caused competition law to become prevalent over national concerns. In fact it has possibly weakened the regulations of company law so that social and cultural policies will soon be under fire. This seems to be falling under the trap of companies for regime shopping, i.e. the weaker the regulation the higher the investment. In this case the act of defraud was not taken into account, the Danish nationals set out to misuse EU competition law to abuse the requirements of Danish national law. The Centros decision belies this inevitability; however the problem with such lax laws is that they equate to easier exploitation and perfect for re gime shopping for the powerful player in the dispute. This breaches fairness and just rules of law, therefore illustrating the importance of the LCIA. In fact this institution should become the primary organization to deal with international company disputes rather than relying on competing law in domestic regimes. The problem is that unlike the ICC and ICSID it is a voluntary arbitration resolution organization and should be set up through International Convention to deal with these specific disputes. This approach is mirrored by the ICSID, which was set up through states contracting similar to the ICC as an independent branch of the World Bank, but is more concerned with dealing with the problems of individual companies rather than focusing on just state to state problems: The International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID or the Centre) is a public international organization created under a treaty, the Convention on the Settlement of Investment Disputes Between States and Nationals of Other States (the ICSID Convention or the Convention). The Convention was formulated by the Executive Directors of the World Bank and submitted by them on March 18, 1965 to member States of the Bank for consideration with a view to signature and ratification. The Convention, entered into force on October 14, 1966.[14] The aim of this arbitration is to ensure that parties are treated fairly and the stronger power does not take advantage of the position. This is especially important in respect to transnational companies who have an economic advantage over a developing country who needs the investment.[15] Therefore like the fair minded approach of the LCIA it provides an independent place of arbitration that deals with the real problems in state and foreign direct investment and takes away the problem of domestic rules and laws that would clash otherwise. This can be seen in the following exploration of state contract and private international cases, which cause a problem to determining a fair verdict or resolution in domestic courts. In the case of Serbian Loans[16] any contract that is not a contract between states in their capacity as subjects of international law is based on the municipal [domestic] law of some country†¦ The rules thereof may be common to several states and may even be established by international conventions or customs, and in the latter case may possess the character of true international law governing relations between states.[17] Therefore when it comes to investment contracts between states then it will have elements of adhering to the contractual word of the agreement; as well as the duty of care that the obligations are met as in public international contractual agreements. There has been a suggestion that cases that are on a private international matter allows the domestic court that makes the decision have an extraterritorial effect in imposing the obligation across borders, i.e. applying the higher standard of obligation and care that public international law holds.[18] On the o ther hand, the case of Holmes v Bangladesh Biman[19] argued that foreign jurisdictions have no legitimate reason for subjecting their civil law on foreigners in their own country. Therefore these two cases make it difficult for correctly pursuing fraud, negligence or any circumstance that leads to an action when it is a case of foreign investment, i.e. where would you make the action and could you legally serve and enforce the action papers in foreign jurisdiction. There is a possibility by using international treat formalities such as the Convention on the Service Abroad of Judicial and Extra-Judicial Documents in Civil and Commercial Matters[20] and the Convention of the Taking of Evidence Abroad in Civil or Commercial Matters[21]. There are safety clauses for states to protect its sovereignty under private international law, as this is a major factor in any treaty under public international law, which was used in the case of Westinghouse v Rio Tinto Zinc[22] where the request fel l outside the ambit of the treaty and enabled the UK court to 12(b) of the Convention on Service to deny the request because it impinged on the sovereignty of the UK. The Lotus Case[23] reaffirms the basis of public international law in private international law, which is preserving the sanctity of a state’s sovereignty. Therefore creating difficulties in actions between parties in respect to foreign investment as this falls within the jurisdiction of the offended party’s state, which may not extend to the other party’s state. The case of Nationality Decrees in Tunis and Morocco [24] questions the legitimacy of this approach and introduces the subject of international relations and treaties, i.e. international public law; whereby contractual obligations between states should be fulfilled and only in extreme cases impinged upon. Therefore from an investment perspective, which may be third parties the question of extending jurisdiction should be upon the legality of the contract between the two parties and if the contract was between the two states how the obligations and duty of care would be resolved? The ICJ does not deal with such subject matter and has on occasion had to determine domestic or international jurisdiction in the case of Certain Norwegian Loans[25] where it was decided that it was the jurisdiction of the domestic court. On the other hand, similar facts in the Serbian and Brazilian Loans Cases[26] were held to be an international dispute for the ICJ to settle. This creates a difficult situation for states to understand the extent of private investment matters because its obligations may or may not be held at the normal level of private contract law or the higher level of public international contractual obligations. Therefore the ICSID deals independent with the problems between states and companies that want to invest directly in a given state; whereas the LCID deals with the conflicts between companies that are in differen t states. In both cases it is a lot more successful. Conclusion: Unlike the war crime and human rights arbitration it is a lot more successful to have an international place of arbitration and tribunal for commercial and foreign investment conflicts, as it reduces the problems with state sovereignty and regime shopping. The problem with the ICC is the limitations that the contracting states have placed upon it. It needs to be a lot more proactive and have the powers to deal not just with states, but also actors that assist in human rights abuse. At the moment the ICSID system is the best because it has the backing of International Convention and resolves problems in competing International Private Law systems within states. The LCIA is a voluntary organization, which is a good system but needs to be supported by an International Convention such as the ICSID. The ICC has this International Convention support but has failed on the grounds that its jurisdiction is too limited and previous domestic prosecutions and UN tribunals are much more effective . It would be more effective if it could deal with all actors that cause or have a role in gross human rights violations, because the ICC is not living up to its basic premise: The International Criminal Court (ICC)is the first ever permanent, treaty based, international criminal court established to promote the rule of law and ensure that the gravest international crimes do not go unpunished.[27] Bibliography: Arab Regional Office (2004) Quarterly Report, Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, Beirut, Lebanon, March 2004 found at: http://www.unhchr.ch/html/menu2/5/arab-mar04.doc Bagheri, 2004, Competition and Integration among Stock Exchanges: The Dilemma of Conflicting Regulatory Objectives and Strategies, OLJS 24(69) Bananalink, Banana Trade Wars can be found at: http://www.usleap.org/Banana/bananatempnew.htm#tradewars B.R. Barber (1995) JIHAD v McWorld: How Globalism and Tribalism is Reshaping the World, New York, Times Books Catherine Barnard, 2000, Social Dumping And The Race To The Bottom: Some Lessons For The European Union From Delaware E.L. Rev. 2000, 25(1), 57-78 P. Craig, G. De Burca (1999) The Evolution of EU Law, Oxford, Oxford University Press R.K. Gardiner (2003) International Law, Harlow, England, Pearson Laurent Garzaniti. David Pope, 1993, Single Market-Making: EC Regulation Of Securities Markets Comp. Law. 1993, 14(3), 43-54 ICC, About the Court, can be found at www.icc-cpi.int ICSID, Cases, can be found at: http://www.worldbank.org/icsid/cases/cases.htm International Law Commission, 1996, Chapter Three – State Responsibility can be found at http://www.un.org/law/ilc/reports/1996/chap03.htm LCIA, Arbitration Rules can be found at: www.lcia-arbitration.com Prevent Genocide’s website at: http://preventgenocide.org/punish/domestic/index.htm#europe Siems, 2003, Convergence, Competition, Centros and Conflicts Of Law: European Company Law In The 21st Century, E.L. Rev. 2002, 27(1), 47-59 N.E. Simmonds, Introduction in W.N Hohfeld (2001), Syrpis, 2001, Smoke without Fire: The Social Policy Agenda and the Internal Market, ILJ 2001(30) UN Mission in Iraq (UNIKOM) can be found at: http://www.un.org/Depts/dpko/missions/unikom/ K. Waltz (1991) America as a Model for the World? PS: Political Science and Politics: 24(4) M. Waters (1995) Globalization, London, Routledge Weiler, 1999, The Constitution of the Common Market Place: Text and Context in the Evolution of the Free Movement of Goods in Craig De Burca (eds), 1999, The Evolution of EU Law, Oxford University Press, Oxford Worldwatch Institute (2004) State of World 2004: Progress Towards a Sustainable Society, London, Earthscan UN, Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, Some Questions and Answers, found at: http://www.un.org/law/icc/statute/iccqa.htm United Nations Press Releases, Roman Statute of International Criminal Court, ESCWA, July 2nd 2002 found at: http://www.escwa.org.lb/information/press/un/2002/july/02_2.html UN website, ICTR, can be found at: http://www.ictr.org/default.htm UN website, ICTY can be found at: http://www.un.org/icty/ [1] Reported on Prevent Genocide’s website at: http://preventgenocide.org/punish/domestic/index.htm#europe [2] Reported on Prevent Genocide’s website at: http://preventgenocide.org/punish/domestic/index.htm#europe [3] Reported on Prevent Genocide’s Website at http://preventgenocide.org/punish/domestic/index.htm#americas [4] Reported on Prevent Genocide’s Website at http://preventgenocide.org/punish/domestic/index.htm#americas [5] Reported on Prevent Genocide’s Website at http://preventgenocide.org/punish/domestic/index.htm#americas [6] Reported on Prevent Genocide’s Website at http://preventgenocide.org/punish/domestic/index.htm#americas [7] Reported on Prevent Genocide’s website at: http://preventgenocide.org/punish/domestic/index.htm#europe [8] UN website, ICTR, can be found at: http://www.ictr.org/default.htm [9] UN website, ICTR, can be found at: http://www.ictr.org/default.htm [10] UN website, ICTY can be found at: http://www.un.org/icty/ [11] LCIA, Arbitration Rules can be found at: www.lcia-arbitration.com [12] Siems, 2003, Convergence, Competition, Centros and Conflicts Of Law: European Company Law In The 21st Century, E.L. Rev. 2002, 27(1), 47-59 [13] Centros Ltd v Erhvervs-og Selskabsstyrelsen (C212/97) [2000] 2 W.L.R. 1048 (ECJ) [14] ICSID, Cases, can be found at: http://www.worldbank.org/icsid/cases/cases.htm [15] Tesoro Petroleum Corporation v. Trinidad and Tobago (Case No. CONC/83/1) [16] France v Serbia (1929) Series A Nos 20/21 [17] Ibid [18] Deutsche Schachtbau v Shell International [1990] 1 AC 295 [19] [1989] 1 All ER 852 [20] The Hague, 1965, UKTS 50 [21] The Hague, 1970, UKTS 20 [22] [1978] AC 547 [23]France v Turkey [1927] PCIJ Series A No 10 [24] (1923) Series B No 4

Conformity Vs individuality Essay

Though many struggle to be there own person. Many struggle to decide things on there own.We are all different, but most of us are the same, because of conformity. Conformity is the easy way of things. Following the leader is the natural way of humans. For an example take Germany during World War II. There was little hate towards Jew or Jipsys or the mentally disabled but because one man was such a persuasive and strong leader a whole country conformed to killing millions. We see the nonconformity in Thoreau, the strive to conform in Gatsby and the struggle to do become an individual in a place of discor in Fahrenheit 451. Thoreau wanted to be his own man and live his own life without, the influence of government or society. He did not want to follow in the american dream of a white picket fence, instead he wanted to create his own dream. A dream that was his and his alone. To accomplish this unorthodox dream he cut his life off from society and from the government. He strove to creat e his own person, to be different from the average. To be unique. Thoreau isolated himself in the woods, did not pay taxes, and lived off the wild so he would be without influence from the government. Thoreau did not feel a part of america. He saw how the american people were conforming and thinking more about self image than which was truly important. So he decided instead of conforming to the american way he would create his own little society. Thoreau tried which most would not even considered he tried to be an individual. Gatsby on the other hand tried to conform to impress his loved one. Is conformity attractive? To most they would say yes. Few want someone who thinks differently . Few want a unique person. People want safeness and people find that in the norm. Gatsby tried to reach the white picket fence not because he wanted it forsay but because he wanted to attract his loved one, Daisy. Daisy was attracted to the american dream. Though because of her situation she was not able to achieve the dream for herself she wanted to marry and be with someone who had achieved it. So Gatsby tried his best to get to the White picket fence. Though the ways he ended up getting to the white picket fence was a little unorthodox . He did conform to the american dream and the american way. We see the struggle of doing what one wants to do even when it is against the norm in fahrenheit 451 by the character Guy Montag. Montag feels the emptiness of conformity and wants to read which is illegal. Instead of  listening to those around him or to his wife or even the government he starts to read. And in doing this he becomes an individual. Becoming an individual causes him to lose his wife lose his job and makes him a fugitive but his emptiness vanishes. The government had become tyranny controlling what each individual did. We see throughout the book people conforming like they conformed in War World II to this tyranny. The outcome was the same as in WWII the government fell and the ones who had not conformed were regarded as heroes. To be unique is a great thing but society continues to look down its nose at those who want something different. When you start to think for yourself you are no longer â€Å"Part of any country.† Most people when they think of a country they think of the leaders or the people who control the things. But in itself that its wrong. A country is a mass of people that follows the laws and and silent laws dictated by the people. Inside the Unite d States of America there are thousands of countries each of them have slightly different silent laws. To become an individual you obey the laws but you create your own silent laws. When Thoreau made that choice to leave the masses and make his own country, a country of one then he became a individual. A country of one is infinitely better than a country of two for one reason, freedom. When you create your own country you are granted more freedom than ever before. No longer do you have to follow the normality or silent laws of the other countries The difference between a Non-conformist and a criminal is silent laws verses laws. Thoreau gave up on all the silent laws so he is no longer a part of â€Å"America.† Gatsby gave up on the enforced laws but kept the silent laws so he is part of america. Guy montag gave up on the silent laws which were enforced so he became a individual.

Questions and Answers: The Catcher in the Rye Essay

1.What happened at the beginning, middle, and end? 2.Who are the characters in the story, and what are they like? Holden Caulfield – The protagonist and narrator of the novel, Holden is a sixteen-year-old junior who has just been expelled for academic failure from a school called Pencey Prep. Although he is intelligent and sensitive, Holden narrates in a cynical and jaded voice. He finds the hypocrisy and ugliness of the world around him almost unbearable, and through his cynicism he tries to protect himself from the pain and disappointment of the adult world. However, the criticisms that Holden aims at people around him are also aimed at himself. He is uncomfortable with his own weaknesses, and at times displays as much phoniness, meanness, and superficiality as anyone else in the book. As the novel opens, Holden stands poised on the cliff separating childhood from adulthood. His inability to successfully negotiate the chasm leaves him on the verge of emotional collapse. Ackley – Holden’s next-door neighbor in his dorm at Pencey Prep. Ackley is a pimply, insecure boy with terrible dental hygiene. He often barges into Holden’s room and acts completely oblivious to Holden’s hints that he should leave. Holden believes that Ackley makes up elaborate lies about his sexual experience. Stradlater – Holden’s roommate at Pencey Prep. Stradlater is handsome, self-satisfied, and popular, but Holden calls him a â€Å"secret slob,† because he appears well groomed, but his toiletries, such as his razor, are disgustingly unclean. Stradlater is sexually active and quite experienced for a prep school student, which is why Holden also calls him a â€Å"sexy bastard.† Jane Gallagher – A girl with whom Holden spent a lot of time one summer, when their families stayed in neighboring summer houses in Maine. Jane never actually appears in The Catcher in the Rye, but she is extremely important to Holden, because she is one of the few girls whom he both respects and finds attractive. Phoebe Caulfield – Phoebe is Holden’s ten-year-old sister, whom he loves dearly. Although she is six years younger than Holden, she listens to what he says and understands him more than most other people do. Phoebe is intelligent, neat, and a wonderful dancer, and her childish innocence is one of Holden’s only consistent sources of happiness throughout the novel. At times, she exhibits great maturity and even chastises Holden for his immaturity. Like Mr. Antolini, Phoebe seems to recognize that Holden is his own worst enemy. Read an in-depth analysis of Phoebe Caulfield. Allie Caulfield – Holden’s younger brother. Allie dies of leukemia three years before the start of the novel. Allie was a brilliant, friendly, red-headed boy—according to Holden, he was the smartest of the Caulfields. Holden is tormented by Allie’s death and carries around a baseball glove on which Allie used to write poems in green ink. Sally Hayes – A very attractive girl whom Holden has known and dated for a long time. Though Sally is well read, Holden claims that she is â€Å"stupid,† although it is difficult to tell whether this judgment is based in reality or merely in Holden’s ambivalence about being sexually attracted to her. She is certainly more conventional than Holden in her tastes and manners. Mr. Spencer – Holden’s history teacher at Pencey Prep, who unsuccessfully tries to shake Holden out of his academic apathy. Carl Luce – A student at Columbia who was Holden’s student advisor at the Whooton School. Luce is three years older than Holden and has a great deal of sexual experience. At Whooton, he was a source of knowledge about sex for the younger boys, and Holden tries to get him to talk about sex at their meeting. Mr. Antolini – Holden’s former English teacher at the Elkton Hills School. Mr. Antolini now teaches at New York University. He is young, clever, sympathetic, and likable, and Holden respects him. Holden sometimes finds him a bit too clever, but he looks to him for guidance. Like many characters in the novel, he drinks heavily. Read an in-depth analysis of Mr. Antolini. Maurice – The elevator operator at the Edmont Hotel, who procures a prostitute for Holden. Sunny – The prostitute whom Holden hires through Maurice. She is one of a number of women in the book with whom Holden clumsily attempts to connect. D. B. Caulfield – Holden’s older brother. D. B. wrote a volume of short stories that Holden admires very much, but Holden feels that D. B. prostitutes his talents by writing for Hollywood movies. 3.Which ones changed? Explain how the characters that changed. 4.Which ones stayed the same?  5.What is the setting of the story? Does it remain constant? If not, list all settings. 6.What effect does the setting have on the story? (If you changed the setting, how would the story change?)  · Holden begins his story in Pennsylvania, at his former school, Pencey Prep. He then recounts his adventures in New York City 7.If you wanted to give this story a different a title, what would it be and why? 8.Find one place in the text where the author uses language in an interesting way. Explain why it is interesting.

Symbols and Symbolism - Flowers as a Symbol in John...

Flowers as a Symbol in The Chrysanthemums by John Steinbeck In romantic or sexual context, a woman is often said to be as beautiful as a flower. In John Steinbecks short story The Chrysanthemums, Elisa Allen never receives this recognition. Although she is a strong woman, she is frustrated because her husband will not admire her romantically in any way. This frustration only deepens because she is childless and feels the need to be a mother. She discovers an outlet for her frustration in a flower garden where she cultivates beautiful chrysanthemums. Steinbeck uses these elegant flowers as a symbol to represent the tender, inner-self of all women, including Elisa. First, the chrysanthemums symbolize Elisas children. She†¦show more content†¦The chrysanthemums are symbolic of her children, and she is very proud of them. When Elisas husband compliments her on her flowers, she is proud, and on her face there [is] a little smugness(240). She is happy and pleased by her ability to nurture these beautiful flowers. Elisas pride in her ability to grow such beautiful flowers reinforces the fact that the flowers are a replacement for her children. In the second part of the story, the chrysanthemums come to symbolize Elisas femininity and sexuality. The portrait of Elisa caring for the flowers as though they are her children is clearly a feminine image, but her masculine image is also observed in her hard-swept and hard-polished home (240). This image is carried over into her relationship with her husband. Elisa feels that Henry doesnt recognize or appreciate her femininity, and this feeling causes her to be antagonistic towards him. There is an undercurrent of resentment towards her husband. Henry fails to see his short-comings, but Elisa fails to point them out to him. There is a distinct lack of harmony between them, which causes Elisa to become discontented with Henry. On observing her prize flowers, all Henry can say is, I wish youd work out in the orchard and raise some apples that big (240). Henrys inability to understand Elisas needs leaves her vulnerable in her encounter with the tinker. The meeting with the tinkerShow MoreRelatedSymbolism in The Chrysanthemums by John Steinbeck Essay1547 Words   |  7 PagesSymbolism in The Chrysanthemums by John Steinbeck The Chrysanthemums, one of John Steinbecks masterpieces, describes a lonely farmers wife, Elisa Allen. Elisa Allens physical appearance is very mannish yet still allows a hint of a feminine side to peek through. John Steinbeck brings symbolism into play to represent Elisa Allens frustrations and hidden passions. Isolation is another representation through symbolism found in The Chrysanthemums. Elisas failing detached marriage is representedRead MoreJohn Steinbecks Use of Symbolism in His Book The Chrysanthemums611 Words   |  2 PagesChrysanthemums John Steinbeck is remembered as one of the classic American writers, and his book Chrysanthemums is no exception. The title of the book is a reference to the symbols and plot of the story, a Chrysanthemum being a symbolic flower for the protagonist, Elisa Allen. The story is set during the Great Depression, and therefore marriage by arrangement was common in agricultural areas, as finding food and shelter were more important than childhood ambitions, as Elisa learned the hard wayRead MoreEssay about Symbolism in The Chrysanthemums by John Steinbeck700 Words   |  3 PagesSymbolism in The Chrysanthemums by John Steinbeck At first glance John Steinbecks The Chrysanthemums seems to be a story of a woman whose niche is in the garden. Upon deeper inspection, the story reveals strong symbolisms of children, vulnerability, and connection--being the most important, of the main character. Elisa Allen is the main character who is at her strongest and most proud in the garden and weakened when she becomes vulnerable and loses her connection to the outer worldRead More Use of Symbols and Symbolism in John Steinbecks The Chrysanthemums944 Words   |  4 PagesUse of Symbols and Symbolism in John Steinbecks The Chrysanthemums  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚      John Steinbecks short story The Chrysanthemums is about a proud, strong woman named Elisa Allen who feels frustrated with her present life. Her frustration stems from not having a child and from her husbands failure to admire her romantically as a woman. The only outlet for her frustration is her flower garden where she cultivates beautiful chrysanthemums. Steinbeck uses chrysanthemums as symbols of the inner-selfRead MoreThe Chrysanthemums Symbolism Analysis1040 Words   |  5 PagesMale Dominance Revealed Through Symbolism in The Chrysanthemums In Steinbeck’s â€Å"The Chrysanthemum† a story is told of a woman who loves to garden and tend to her beautiful chrysanthemums, a husband who tends to the matters of business on the ranch, and the strange encounter with a tinkerer. Each of these aspects create the story, but there is more depth than what meets the eye. Through Steinbeck’s short story one can recognize many symbols that represent the different gender roles of men andRead MoreEssay on Symbolism in The Chrysanthemums by John Steinbeck1179 Words   |  5 PagesSymbolism in The Chrysanthemums by John Steinbeck A symbol is an act, person, thing, or spectacle that stands for something else, by association a usually broader idea in addition to its own literal meaning (Cassill Bausch, 1728). John Steinbecks The Chrysanthemums may seem as a story describing a simple day with the Allen couple. It begins with Elisa Allen working in her garden and her husband, Henry Allen, negotiating with two suited business men that want to purchase steers. TheyRead MoreThe Chrysanthemums973 Words   |  4 Pages Prompt: How do the chrysanthemums as well as other symbols throughout the short story show women’s role in society? A Potential for Equality   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Humans, just as flowers, cannot fully live without sunlight. They cannot develop without nourishment, and most of all they cannot flourish if not carefully tended to. Just as the Chrysanthemums fight to stay strong and meaningful in the short story, â€Å"The Chrysanthemums† by John Steinbeck, the main character, Emily, tries to do the same. BothRead MoreThe Use of Symbols in John Steinbecks The Chrysanthemums720 Words   |  3 PagesIn John Steinbecks short story, The Chrysanthemums, he uses the flower to symbolize his main characters thoughts and ideas. There are many examples of such symbolism in this work. Elisa Allen is a lonely woman who enjoys growing and nourishing her chrysanthemums. Since her husband is always working the cattle in their farm, she never has enough attention or any kind of affection. The result of this dispassionate marriage leads Steinbeck to describe his main character as follows, Her faceRead MoreThe Chrysanthemums By John Steinbeck982 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The Chrysanthemums† is a short story written by John Steinbeck. The story was originally published in 1937 before later being released as a part of his The Long Valley collection. This is an important story as it expresses women in a way that is more realistic, showing their true boredom, ambition, and capabilities. Some scholars interpreted this story differently, but C. Kenneth Pellow interprets it as â€Å"radically feministic.† The Great Depression was finally ending and women’s rights were risingRead MoreComparing John Steinbeck s Mice And Men And The Grapes Of Wrath1126 Wor ds   |  5 PagesComparing and Contrasting Steinbeck John Steinbeck is a famous author known for many of his short stories, as well as the books Of Mice and Men and The Grapes of Wrath. His works have been studied and analyzed often because of his unique ability to create symbolism from small amounts of text. â€Å"The Chrysanthemums† is a short story written by John Steinbeck, and was first published in 1939. It tells the story of a woman who feels she is capable of completing any task a man can, but is set back by